Artículo

Estamos trabajando para incorporar este artículo al repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

White grubs are larvae of Coleoptera of the family Scarabaeidae. They are known because of their intensive feeding habits on crop roots. Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) is a dipteran parasitoid whose larva is a natural enemy for white grubs. This species is a solitary ectoparasitoid, where both female and larva realize different steps in the host location process. Female place its eggs in high grasslands and then, the larva finds and parasitizes the host in the ground. There are nine potential hosts in the area of action of this parasitoid; however a high preference for Cyclocephala signaticollis has been observed (87% of field parasitism). It is known that many insects have developed defensive and immunological mechanisms when attacked by a parasitoid, which can be behavioral, physiological, chemical or genetic. The objectives of this work were to investigate what kind of defense and non-immunological associated mechanisms the white grubs have against this parasitoid and to understand why M. ruficauda have such a high preference for masked chafer grubs or Cyclocephala species. In particular, for each white grub species, we asked: (1) If there is a differential behavioral reaction when a parasitoid attack is simulated; (2) If body attributes of white grubs species have influence on defense behavior, and particularly for the masked chafer C. signaticollis; and (3) Why this species is the most selected by M. ruficauda. It was found that behavioral defenses of white grubs would explain the parasitism pattern of M. ruficauda larvae and its preference for C. signaticollis. © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Incidence of non-immunological defenses of soil white grubs on parasitism success of mallophora ruficauda larva (Diptera: Asilidae)
Autor:Castelo, M.K.; Crespo, J.E.
Filiación:Group of Investigation in Ecophysiology of Parasitoids (GIEP), CONICET-IEGEBA, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, University of Buenos Aires, University City, Building II, 4th floor, lab. 99, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
Palabras clave:Host vulnerability; Parasitoids; Scarabaeidae; Asilidae; Coleoptera; Cyclocephala; Diptera; Hexapoda; Mallophora ruficauda; Scarabaeidae
Año:2012
Volumen:3
Número:3
Página de inicio:692
Página de fin:708
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
Título revista:Insects
Título revista abreviado:Insects
ISSN:20754450
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_20754450_v3_n3_p692_Castelo

Referencias:

  • Hawkins, B.A., (1994) Pattern & Process In Host-Parasitoid Interactions, p. 190. , Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK
  • Vet, L.E.M., Hemerik, L., Visser, M.E., Wäckers, F.E., Flexibility in host-search and patch-use strategies in insect parasitoids (2002) The Behavioural Ecology of Parasites, 3, pp. 39-64. , Lewis, E.E., Campbell, J.F., Sukhdeo, M.V.K., Eds.; CAB International: New York, NY, USA
  • Godfray, H.C.J., (1994) Parasitoids: Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, p. 488. , Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, USA
  • Gross, P., Insect behavioral and morphological defenses against parasitoids (1993) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 38, pp. 251-273
  • Strand, M.R., Pech, L.L., Immunological basis for compatibility in parasitoid-host relationships (1995) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 40, pp. 31-56
  • Smilanich, A.M., Dyer, L.Q., Gentry, G.L., The insect immune response and other putative defenses as effective predictors of parasitism (2009) Ecology, 90, pp. 1434-1440
  • Parker, B.J., Barribeau, S.M., Laughton, A.M., de Roode, J.C., Gerardo, N.M., Non-immunological defense in an evolutionary framework (2011) Trends Ecol. Evol, 26, pp. 242-248
  • Blomquist, G.J., Bagnères, A.G., (2010) Insect Hydrocarbons Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemical Ecology, p. 506. , Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK
  • Fatouros, N.E., Dicke, M., Mumm, R., Meiners, T., Hilker, M., Foraging behavior of egg parasitoids exploiting chemical information (2008) Behav. Ecol, 19, pp. 677-689
  • Jones, R.L., Lewis, W.J., Beroza, M., Bierl, B., Sparks, A.N., Host-seeking stimulants (kairomones) for the egg parasite, Trichogramma evanescens (1973) Environ. Entomol, 2, pp. 593-596
  • Morehead, S.A., Feener Jr., D.H., Visual and chemical cues used in host location and acceptance by a dipteran parasitoid (2000) J. Insect Behav, 13, pp. 613-625
  • Brodeur, J., Boivin, G., Functional ecology of immature parasitoids (2004) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 49, pp. 27-49
  • Crespo, J.E., Castelo, M.K., Insights to the host discrimination and host acceptance behaviour in a parasitoid (Diptera: Asilidae): Implications for fitness (2009) J. Insect Physiol, 55, pp. 1072-1078
  • Mackauer, M., Host discrimination and larval competition in solitary endoparasitoids (1990) Critical Issues In Biological Control, pp. 41-62. , Mackauer, M., Ehler, L.E., Roland, J., Eds.; Intercept Ltd: Andover, MA, USA
  • Royer, L., Fournet, S., Brunel, E., Boivin, G., Intra- and interspecific host discrimination by host-seeking larvae of coleopteran parasitoids (1999) Oecologia, 118, pp. 59-68
  • van Baaren, J., Boivin, G., Nénon, J.P., Intra- and interspecific host discrimination in two closely related egg parasitoids (1994) Oecologia, 100, pp. 325-330
  • Roitberg, B.D., Mangel, M., On the evolutionary ecology of marking pheromones (1988) Evol. Ecol, 2, pp. 289-315
  • Crespo, J.E., Castelo, M.K., The ontogeny of host seeking behavior in a parasitoid dipteran (2008) J. Insect Physiol, 50, pp. 331-336
  • van Baaren, J., Boivin, G., Nénon, J.P., Intraspecific hyperparasitism in a primary hymenopteran parasitoid (1995) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol, 36, pp. 237-242
  • Purrington, F.F., Uleman, J.S., Brood size of a parasitic wasp: Functional correlation with the mass of a cryptic host (1972) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am, 65, pp. 280-281
  • Salt, G., Experimental studies in insect parasitism. III (1935) Host Selection. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci, 115, pp. 413-435
  • Salt, G., The sense used by Trichogramma to distinguish between parasitized and unparasitized hosts (1937) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci, 122, pp. 57-75
  • Takagi, M., The reproductive strategy of the gregarious parasitoid, Pteromalus puparium (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) 2. Host size discrimination and regulation of the number and sex ratio of progeny in a single host (1986) Oecologia, 70, pp. 321-325
  • Schimdt, J.M., Smith, J.J.B., Host volume measurement by the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma minutum: The roles of curvature and surface area (1985) Entomol. Exp. Appl, 39, pp. 213-221
  • Lazzaro, B.P., Little, T.J., Immunity in a variable world (2009) Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci, 364, pp. 15-26
  • Otti, O., Gantenbein-Ritter, I., Jacot, A., Brinkhof, M.G.W., Immune response increases predation risk (2012) Evolution, 66, pp. 732-739
  • Feener Jr., D.H., Brown, B.V., Diptera as parasitoids (1997) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 42, pp. 73-97
  • Pennacchio, F., Strand, M.R., Evolution of developmental strategies in parasitic Hymenoptera (2006) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 51, pp. 233-258
  • Stireman, J.O., O'Hara, J.E., Wood, D.M., Behavior, ecology and evolution of tachinid parasitoids (2006) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 51, pp. 525-555
  • Castelo, M.K., Corley, J.C., Oviposition behavior in the robber fly Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) (2004) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am, 97, pp. 1050-1054
  • Castelo, M.K., Ney-Nifle, N., Corley, J.C., Bernstein, C., Oviposition height increases parasitism success by the robber fly Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) (2006) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol, 61, pp. 231-243
  • Copello, A., Biología del moscardón cazador de abejas (Mallophora ruficauda Wied.) (1922) Physis, 6, pp. 30-42
  • Castelo, M.K., (2003) Comportamiento De Localización Y Patrones De Explotación De Hospedadores (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Por El Moscardón Cazador De Abejas Mallophora Ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) (in Spanish), , Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, December
  • Castelo, M.K., Capurro, A.F., Especificidad y denso-dependencia inversa en parasitoides con oviposición fuera del hospedador: El caso de Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) en la pampa argentina (2000) Ecología Austral, 10, pp. 89-101
  • Castelo, M.K., Corley, J.C., Spatial density dependent parasitism and specificity in the robber fly Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) (2010) Austral Ecol, 34, pp. 72-81
  • Castelo, M.K., Lazzari, C.R., Host-seeking behavior in larvae of the robber fly Mallophora ruficauda (Diptera: Asilidae) (2004) J. Insect Physiol, 50, pp. 331-336
  • Crespo, J.E., Castelo, M.K., Life-history traits in a parasitoid dipteran species with free-living and obligate parasitic immature stages (2010) Physiol. Entomol, 35, pp. 160-167
  • Groba, H.F., Castelo, M.K., Chemical interaction between a dipteran parasitoid larva and its coleopteran host: A case of exploitation of the communication system during the searching behaviour (2012) Bull. Entomol. Res, 102, pp. 315-323
  • Crespo, J.E., Castelo, M.K., (2012) Orientation of M. Ruficauda Larvae to Odors of Second Instar White Grubs, , CONICET, FCEyN: Buenos Aires, Argentina. Unpublished work
  • Musso, J.J., Nutritive and ecological requirements of robber flies (Diptera: Brachycera: Asilidae) (1983) Entomol. Gen, 9, pp. 35-50
  • Ali, A.D., Harivandi, M.A., White Grubs In Lawns, , Leaflet - University of California, Cooperative Extension Service 1987, no. 21442
  • Cherry, R.H., Schueneman, T.J., (1998) Insect Management In Sugarcane, , Department of Entomology, University of Florida, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences: Gainesville, FL, USA, ENY-406 series
  • Crutchfield, B.A., Potter, D.A., Damage relationships of Japanese beetle and southern masked chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) grubs in cool-season turfgrasses (1995) J. Econ. Entomol, 88, pp. 1049-1056
  • Potter, D.A., (1998) Destructive Turfgrass Insects: Biology, Diagnosis and Control, p. 336. , Ann Arbor Press: Chelsea, MI, USA
  • Salvadori, J.R., Manejo de corós em cereais de inverno (1997) EMBRAPA, 3, pp. 1-8
  • Smitley, D.R., Incidence of Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and other scarab larvae in nursery fields (1996) Hortic. Entomol, 89, pp. 1262-1266
  • Alvarado, L., (1980) Sistemática Y Bionomía De Los Estados Inmaduros De Coleópteros Scarabaeidae Que Habitan En El Suelo (in Spanish), , Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina, September
  • Rakesha, H.S., (2007) Studies On Arecanut Root Grub, Leucopholis Lepidophora Blanchard and Its Management By Entomopathogenic Fungi and Plant Products, , Master thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India, July
  • Wightman, J.A., Influence of low temperature on pupation induction in Costelytra zealandica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) (1974) New Zeal. J. Zool, 1, pp. 503-507
  • Grassé, P.P., Insectes supérieurs et Hémiptérodes (1951) Traité De Zoologie, pp. 771-975. , Anatomie, systématique, biologie (in French); Masson & Cie: Paris, France
  • Villani, M.G., Allee, L.L., Díaz, A., Robbins, P.S., Adaptative strategies of edaphic arthropods (1999) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 44, pp. 233-256
  • Gaugler, R., Wang, Y., Campbell, J.F., Aggressive and evasive behaviors in Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae: Defenses against entomopathogenic nematode attack (1994) J. Invertebr. Pathol, 64, pp. 193-199
  • Villani, M.G., Nyrop, J.P., Age-dependent movement patterns of Japanese beetle and European chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) grubs in soil-turfgrass microcosms (1991) Environ. Entomol, 20, pp. 241-251
  • Wood, S.N., Thin plate regression splines (2003) J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B Stat. Meth, 65, pp. 95-114
  • Crawley, M.J., (2007) The R Book, p. 951. , J Wiley & Sons Ltd: Chichester, UK
  • Wood, S.N., (2006) Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction With R, p. 385. , Taylor & Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL, USA
  • Crespo, J.E., (2012) CONICET, FCEyN, UBA (Buenos Aires, Argentina), , Parasitism escape of white grubs. Unpublished work
  • Brodeur, J., Geervliet, J.B.F., Vet, L.E.M., The role of host species, age and defensive behaviour on ovipositional decisions in a solitary specialist and gregarious generalist parasitoid (Cotesia species) (1996) Entomol. Exp. Appl, 81, pp. 125-132
  • Firlej, A., Lucas, E., Coderre, D., Boivin, G., Impact of host behavioral defenses on parasitization efficacy of a larval and adult parasitoid (2010) Biocontrol, 55, pp. 339-348
  • Potting, R.P.J., Vermeulen, N.E., Conlong, D.E., Active defense of herbivorous hosts against parasitism: Adult parasitoid mortality risk involved in attacking a concealed stemboring host (1999) Entomol. Exp. Appl, 91, pp. 143-148
  • Klemperer, H.G., The repair of larval cells and other larval activities in Geotrupes spiniger Marsham and other species (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) (1978) Ecol. Entomol, 3, pp. 119-131
  • Mallampalli, N., Barbosa, P., Weinges, K., Effects of condensed tannins and catalpol on growth and development of Compsilura concinnata (Diptera: Tachinidae) reared in gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (1996) J. Entomol. Sci, 31, pp. 289-300
  • Gentry, G.L., Dyer, D.L., On the conditional nature of neotropical caterpillar defenses against their natural enemies (2002) Ecology, 83, pp. 3108-3119
  • Rogers, M.E., Cole, T., Ramaswamy, S., Potter, D.A., Behavioral changes in Japanese beetle and masked chafer grubs following parasitism by tiphiid wasps (2003) Environ. Entomol, 32, pp. 618-625
  • Rogers, M.E., Potter, D.A., Kairomones from scarabaeid grubs and their frass as cues in below-ground host location by the parasitoids Tiphia vernalis and Tiphia pygidialis (2002) Entomol. Exp. Appl, 102, pp. 307-314
  • Walker, A.M., Hoy, M.A., Responses of Lipolexis oregmae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) to different instars of Toxoptera citricida (Homoptera: Aphididae) (2003) J. Econ. Entomol, 96, pp. 1685-1692
  • Hance, T., van Baaren, J., Vernon, P., Boivin, G., Impact of temperature extremes on parasitoids in a climate change perspective (2007) Annu. Rev. Entomol, 52, pp. 107-126
  • Thomas, M.B., Blanford, S., Thermal biology in insect-parasite interactions (2003) Trends Ecol. Evol, 18, pp. 344-350
  • Fellowes, M.D.E., Kraaijeveld, A.R., Godfray, H.C.J., Cross-resistance following artificial selection for increased defense against parasitoids in Drosophila melanogaster (1999) Evolution, 53, pp. 966-972
  • Hegazi, E., Khafagi, W., Developmental interaction between suboptimal instars of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoid Microplitis rufiventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (2005) Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol, 60, pp. 172-184
  • Blumberg, D., Seasonal variations in the encapsulation of eggs of the encyrtid parasitoid Metaphycus stanleyi by the pyriform scale, Protopulvinaria pyriformis (1991) Entomol. Exp. Appl, 58, pp. 231-237
  • Castelo, M.K., (2012) Attachment Preference of Larvae of M. Ruficauda On the Tegument of White Grubs, , CONICET, FCEyN, UBA: Buenos Aires, Argentina. Unpublished work
  • Rao, A., Henderson, R.E., Vinson, S.B., The probable significance of tracheal tufts in the 8th abdominal segment of Heliothis virescens (F.) on the development of its parasitoid, Toxoneuron nigriceps (Viereck) (2009) J. Insect Physiol, 55, pp. 769-773
  • Hassell, M.P., (2000) The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions, p. 199. , Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK
  • Comins, H.N., Hassell, M.P., May, R.M., The spatial dynamics of host-parasitoids systems (1992) J. Anim. Ecol, 61, pp. 735-748
  • Godfray, H.C.J., Hassell, M.P., Holt, R.D., The population dynamic consequences of phenological asynchrony between parasitoids and their hosts (1994) J. Anim. Ecol, 63, pp. 1-10

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Castelo, M.K. & Crespo, J.E. (2012) . Incidence of non-immunological defenses of soil white grubs on parasitism success of mallophora ruficauda larva (Diptera: Asilidae). Insects, 3(3), 692-708.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Castelo, M.K., Crespo, J.E. "Incidence of non-immunological defenses of soil white grubs on parasitism success of mallophora ruficauda larva (Diptera: Asilidae)" . Insects 3, no. 3 (2012) : 692-708.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
---------- MLA ----------
Castelo, M.K., Crespo, J.E. "Incidence of non-immunological defenses of soil white grubs on parasitism success of mallophora ruficauda larva (Diptera: Asilidae)" . Insects, vol. 3, no. 3, 2012, pp. 692-708.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Castelo, M.K., Crespo, J.E. Incidence of non-immunological defenses of soil white grubs on parasitism success of mallophora ruficauda larva (Diptera: Asilidae). Insects. 2012;3(3):692-708.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects3030692