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Morales, J.; Solovey, G.; Maniscalco, B.; Rahnev, D.; de Lange, F.P.; Lau, H. "Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions" (2015) Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics. 77(6):2021-2036
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Abstract:

When visual attention is directed away from a stimulus, neural processing is weak and strength and precision of sensory data decreases. From a computational perspective, in such situations observers should give more weight to prior expectations in order to behave optimally during a discrimination task. Here we test a signal detection theoretic model that counter-intuitively predicts subjects will do just the opposite in a discrimination task with two stimuli, one attended and one unattended: when subjects are probed to discriminate the unattended stimulus, they rely less on prior information about the probed stimulus’ identity. The model is in part inspired by recent findings that attention reduces trial-by-trial variability of the neuronal population response and that they use a common criterion for attended and unattended trials. In five different visual discrimination experiments, when attention was directed away from the target stimulus, subjects did not adjust their response bias in reaction to a change in stimulus presentation frequency despite being fully informed and despite the presence of performance feedback and monetary and social incentives. This indicates that subjects did not rely more on the priors under conditions of inattention as would be predicted by a Bayes-optimal observer model. These results inform and constrain future models of Bayesian inference in the human brain. © 2015, The Psychonomic Society, Inc.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions
Autor:Morales, J.; Solovey, G.; Maniscalco, B.; Rahnev, D.; de Lange, F.P.; Lau, H.
Filiación:Department of Philosophy, Columbia University, 708 Philosophy Hall, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, Mail Code: 4971, New York, NY 10027, United States
Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
Instituto de Cálculo, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina
Laboratorio de Neurociencia Integrativa, Buenos Aires, Argentina
CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
Donders Institute of Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmgen, 6500 HB, Netherlands
Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
Palabras clave:Attention: divided attention and inattention; Cognitive and attentional control; Ideal observer Bayesian models; Signal detection theory; adolescent; adult; attention; Bayes theorem; constructive feedback; female; human; male; perceptive discrimination; photostimulation; reward; vision; Adolescent; Adult; Attention; Bayes Theorem; Discrimination (Psychology); Female; Formative Feedback; Humans; Male; Photic Stimulation; Reward; Signal Detection, Psychological; Visual Perception
Año:2015
Volumen:77
Número:6
Página de inicio:2021
Página de fin:2036
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0897-2
Título revista:Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics
Título revista abreviado:Atten. Percept. Psychophys.
ISSN:19433921
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_19433921_v77_n6_p2021_Morales

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Morales, J., Solovey, G., Maniscalco, B., Rahnev, D., de Lange, F.P. & Lau, H. (2015) . Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions. Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 77(6), 2021-2036.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0897-2
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Morales, J., Solovey, G., Maniscalco, B., Rahnev, D., de Lange, F.P., Lau, H. "Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions" . Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics 77, no. 6 (2015) : 2021-2036.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0897-2
---------- MLA ----------
Morales, J., Solovey, G., Maniscalco, B., Rahnev, D., de Lange, F.P., Lau, H. "Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions" . Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, vol. 77, no. 6, 2015, pp. 2021-2036.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0897-2
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Morales, J., Solovey, G., Maniscalco, B., Rahnev, D., de Lange, F.P., Lau, H. Low attention impairs optimal incorporation of prior knowledge in perceptual decisions. Atten. Percept. Psychophys. 2015;77(6):2021-2036.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0897-2