Navegar

Colección

Datos Estadísticas

Artículo

Estamos trabajando para incorporar este artículo al repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

Background: Temnospondyls are one of the earliest radiations of limbed vertebrates. Skeletal remains of more than 190 genera have been identified from late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic rocks. Paleozoic temnospondyls comprise mainly small to medium sized forms of diverse habits ranging from fully aquatic to fully terrestrial. Accordingly, their ichnological record includes tracks described from many Laurasian localities. Mesozoic temnospondyls, in contrast, include mostly medium to large aquatic or semi-aquatic forms. Exceedingly few fossil tracks or trackways have been attributed to Mesozoic temnospondyls, and as a consequence very little is known of their locomotor capabilities on land. Methodology/Principal Findings: We report a ca. 200 Ma trackway, Episcopopus ventrosus, from Lesotho, southern Africa that was made by a 3.5 m-long animal. This relatively long trackway records the trackmaker dragging its body along a wet substrate using only the tips of its digits, which in the manus left characteristic drag marks. Based on detailed mapping, casting, and laser scanning of the best-preserved part of the trackway, we identified synapomorphies (e.g., tetradactyl manus, pentadactyl pes) and symplesiomorphies (e.g., absence of claws) in the Episcopopus trackway that indicate a temnospondyl trackmaker. Conclusions/Significance: Our analysis shows that the Episcopopus trackmaker progressed with a sprawling posture, using a lateral-sequence walk. Its forelimbs were the major propulsive elements and there was little lateral bending of the trunk. We suggest this locomotor style, which differs dramatically from the hindlimb-driven locomotion of salamanders and other extant terrestrial tetrapods can be explained by the forwardly shifted center of mass resulting from the relatively large heads and heavily pectoral girdles of temnospondyls. © 2014 Marsicano et al.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:A temnospondyl trackway from the early mesozoic of western Gondwana and its implications for basal tetrapod locomotion
Autor:Marsicano, C.A.; Wilson, J.A.; Smith, R.M.H.
Filiación:Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Museum of Paleontology, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
Department of Karoo Paleontology, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa
Department of GeologicaSciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Palabras clave:article; biomechanics; body posture; Episcopopus ventrosus; forelimb; geographic and geological phenomena; head; hindlimb; Lesotho; locomotion; Mesozoic; nonhuman; plesiomorphy; salamander; synapomorphy; temnospondyl; tetrapod; trackway; vertebrate; anatomy and histology; animal; fossil; locomotion; physiology; turtle; Animals; Fossils; Locomotion; Turtles
Año:2014
Volumen:9
Número:8
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103255
Título revista:PLoS ONE
Título revista abreviado:PLoS ONE
ISSN:19326203
CODEN:POLNC
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_19326203_v9_n8_p_Marsicano

Referencias:

  • Olsen, P.E., Galton, P.M., A review of the reptile and amphibian assemblages from the Stormberg of southern Africa, with special emphasis on the footprints and the age of the Stormberg (1984) Palaeontologia Africana, 25, pp. 87-110
  • Olsen, P.E., Sues, H.-D., Correlations of the continental Late Triassic and Early Jurassic sediments, and patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic tetrapod transition (1986) The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs, pp. 321-351. , Padian K, editor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • Ellenberger, P., Contribution à la classification des pistes de vertèbres du Trias: Les types du Stormberg d'Áfrique du Sud (II partie): le Stormberg Superieur-I. Le biome de la zone B/1 ou niveau de Moyeni: Ses biocenoses (1974) Palaeovertebrata Mémoire Extraordinaire, pp. 1-202
  • Smith, R.M.H., Marsicano, C.A., Wilson, J.A., Sedimentology and paleoecology of a diverse Early Jurassic tetrapod tracksite in Lesotho, southern Africa (2009) Palaios, 24, pp. 672-684
  • Wilson, J.A., Marsicano, C.A., Smith, R.M.S., Dynamic locomotor capabilities revealed by early dinosaur trackmakers from southern Africa (2009) PLoS One, 4, pp. e7331
  • Ellenberger, P., Les niveaux paleontologiques de premiere apparition des mammiferes primordiaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg de Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Superieur a Jurassique) (1970) Proceedings II Gondwana Symposium, Pretoria, 2, pp. 340-370
  • Lucas, S.G., Global Jurassic tetrapod biochronology (2008) Volumina Jurassica, 6, pp. 99-108
  • Porchetti, S.D.O., Nicosia, U., Re-Examination of Some Large Early Mesozoic Tetrapod Footprints from the African Collection of Paul Ellenberger (2007) Ichnos, 14, pp. 219-245
  • Knoll, F., The tetrapod fauna of the Upper Elliot and Clarens formations in the main Karoo Basin (South Africa and Lesotho) (2005) Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 176, pp. 81-91
  • Requirand, C., (2001) Catalogue des Pistes du Stormberg (Lesotho), , Collection Paul Ellenberger: Université Montpellier II. Institut de Sciences de l'Evolution, Laboratoire de Paléontologie
  • Prave, A.R., Life on land in the Proterozoic: Evidence from the Torridonian rocks of northwest Scotland (2002) Geology, 30, pp. 811-814
  • Porada, H., Ghergut, J., Bouougri, E.H., Kinneyia-type wrinkle structures - Critical review and model of formation (2008) Palaios, 23 (1-2), pp. 65-77. , DOI 10.2110/palo.2006.p06-095r
  • Noffke, N., The criteria for the biogeneicity of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in Archean and younger, sandy deposits (2009) Earth-Science Reviews, 96, pp. 173-180
  • Peabody, F.E., Trackways of living and fossil salamanders (1959) University of California Publications in Zoology, 63, pp. 1-72
  • Ashley-Ross, M.A., Bechtel, B.F., Kinematics of the transition between aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in the newt Taricha torosa (2004) Journal of Experimental Biology, 207 (3), pp. 461-474. , DOI 10.1242/jeb.00769
  • Kitching, J.W., Raath, M.A., Fossils from the Elliot and Clarens Formation (Karoo sequence) of the northeastern cape, Orange Free State and Lesotho, and a suggested biozonation based on tetrapods (1984) Palaeontologia Africana, 24, pp. 111-125
  • Carrano, M.T., Wilson, J.A., Taxon distributions and the tetrapod track record (2001) Paleobiology, 27 (3), pp. 564-582
  • Hutchinson, J.R., Gatesy, S.M., Adductors, abductors, and the evolution of archosaur locomotion (2000) Paleobiology, 26 (4), pp. 734-751
  • Ruta, M., Coates, M.I., Quicke, D.L.J., Early tetrapod relationships revisited (2003) Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 78 (2), pp. 251-345. , DOI 10.1017/S1464793102006103
  • Ruta, M., Coates, M.I., Dates, nodes and character conflict: Addressing the lissamphibian origin problem (2007) Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 5 (1), pp. 69-122. , DOI 10.1017/S1477201906002008, PII S1477201906002008
  • Warren, A.A., Secondary aquatic temnospondyls from the Upper Permian and Mesozoic (2000) Amphibian Biology, 4, pp. 1121-1149. , Heatwole H, Carroll R, editors. Paleontology: The Evolutionary History of Amphibians
  • Warren, A.A., Hutchinson, M.N., The last labyrinthodont? A new brachypoid (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Early Jurassic Evergreen Formation of Queensland (1983) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 303, pp. 1-62
  • Schoch, R.R., Milner, A.R., (2000) Stereospondyli, p. 203. , Munich: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil
  • Warren, A.A., Damiani, R.J., Stereospondyl amphibians from the Elliot Formation of South Africa (1999) Paleontologia Africana, 35, pp. 45-54
  • Pohlig, H., Vorlage von Fließpapierabdrücken dossiler Wirbeltierfuß stapfen aus dem Buntsandstein von Hildburghausen und Bernburg (1893) Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereines der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westphalens, 50, pp. 82-83
  • Spitz, W., Notiz über eine Labyrinthodontenfährte aus der Trias (1923) Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 5, pp. 380-381
  • Haubold, H., Die Tetrapodenfa-hrten des Buntsandsteins (1971) Paläontologische Abhandlungen A, 4, pp. 395-548
  • Haubold, H., Ichnia Amphibiorum et Reptiliorum fossilium (1971) Handbuch der Pala-oherpetologie, 18, pp. 1-124
  • Fuglewicz, R., Ptaszyiqski, T., Rdzanek, K., Lower Triassic footprints from the Swiqtokrzyskie (Holy Cross) Mountains, Poland (1990) Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 35, pp. 109-164
  • Peabody, F.E., Reptile and amphibian trackways from the Lower Triassic Moenkopi Formation of Arizona and Utah (1948) Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences, University of California Publications, 27, pp. 295-467
  • Schoch, R.R., Comparative osteology of Mastodonsaurus giganteus (Jaeger, 1828) from the Middle Triassic (Lettenkeuper: Longobardian) of Germany (Baden- Württemberg, Bayern, Thüringen) (1999) Stuttgarter Beiträge Zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie), 278, pp. 1-175
  • Welles, S.P., Cosgriff, J.W., A revision of the labyrinthodont family Capitosauridae and a description of Parotosaurus peabodyi n. sp. from the Moenkopi Formation of Northern Arizona (1965) University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 54, pp. 1-148
  • Lehman, J.P., Nouveaux vertébrés fossiles du trias de la serie de Zarzaïtine (1971) Annales de Paléontologie (Vertébrés), 57, pp. 71-93
  • Watson, D.M.S., A new labyrinthodont (Paracyclotosaurus) from the Upper Trias of New South Wales (1958) Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Geology, 3, pp. 233-263
  • Baird, D., Revision of the Pennsylvanian and Permian footprints Limnopus, Allopus and Baropus (1952) Journal of Paleontology, 26, pp. 832-840
  • Braddy, S.J., Morrissey, L.B., Yates, A.M., Amphibian swimming traces from the Lower Permian of Southern New Mexico (2003) Palaeontology, 46 (4), pp. 671-683
  • Haubold, H., Allen, A., Prescott Atkinson, T., Buta, R.J., Lacefield, J.A., Interpretation of the tetrapod footprints from the Early Pennsylvanian of Alabama (2005) Pennsylvanian Footprints in the Black Warrior Basin of Alabama, pp. 75-111. , Buta RJ, Rindberg, A.K, Kopaska-Merkel, D.C., editor
  • Minter, N.J., Braddy, S.J., Davis, R.B., Between a rock and a hard place: Arthropod trackways and ichnotaxonomy (2007) Lethaia, 40 (4), pp. 365-375. , DOI 10.1111/j.1502-3931.2007.00035.x
  • Falcon-Lang, H.J., Gibling, M.R., Benton, M.J., Miller, R.F., Bashforth, A.R., Diverse tetrapod trackways in the Lower Pennsylvanian Tynemouth Creek Formation, near St. Martins, southern New Brunswick, Canada (2010) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 296, pp. 1-13
  • Lucas, S.G., Fillmore, D., Simpson, E., The Mississippian tetrapod footprint ichnogenus Palaeosauropus: Extramorphological variation and ichnotaxonomy (2010) Ichnos, 17, pp. 177-186
  • Ptaszyński, T., Niedźwiedzki, G., Late Permian vertebrate tracks from the Tumlin Sandstone, Holy Cross Mountains Poland (2004) Acta Paleontologica Polonica, 49, pp. 289-320
  • Sarjeant, W., Mossman, D., Vertebrate footprints from the Carboniferous sediments of Nova Scotia: A historical review and description of newly discovered forms (1974) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 23, pp. 279-306
  • Turek, V., Fish and amphibian trace fossils from the Westphalian sediments of Bohemia (1989) Palaeontology, 32, pp. 623-643
  • Scarboro, D., Tucker, M., Amphibian footprints from the mid-Carboniferous of Northumberland, England: Sedimentological context, preservation and significance (1995) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 113, pp. 335-349
  • Voight, S., Saber, H., Schneider, J., Hmich, D., Hminna, A., Late Carboniferous-Early Permian Tetrapod Ichnofauna from the Khenifra Basin, Central Morocco (2011) Geobios, 44, pp. 399-407
  • Carroll, R., (2009) The Rise of Amphibians: 365 Million Years of Evolution, , Baltimore, Maryland USA: John Hopkins University Press
  • Milàn, J., Variations in the morphology of emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) tracks, reflecting differences in walking pattern and substrate consistency: Ichnotaxonomical implications (2006) Palaeontology, 49, pp. 405-420
  • Schaeffer, B., The morphological and functional evolution of the tarsus in amphibians and reptiles (1941) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 78, pp. 395-472
  • Edwards, J.L., Two perspectives on the evolution of the tetrapod limb (1989) American Zoologist, 29, pp. 235-254
  • Gray, J., Studies in the mechanics of the tetrapod skeleton (1944) Journal Experimental Biology, 20, pp. 88-116
  • Reilly, S.M., McElroy, E.J., Odum, R.A., Hornyak, V.A., Tuataras and salamanders show that walkingand running mechanics are ancientfeatures of tetrapod locomotion (2006) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B
  • Ashley-Ross, M., Lundin, R., Johnson, J., Kinematics of level terrestrial and underwater walking in the california newt, Taricha torosa (2009) Journal of Experimental Zoology, 311 A, pp. 240-257
  • Horner, A.M., Jayne, B.C., Lungfish axial muscle function and the vertebrate water to land transition (2014) PLoS ONE, 9 (5), pp. e96516. , doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096516
  • Delvolve, I., Bem, T., Cabelguen, J.-M., Epaxial and limb muscle activity during swimming and terrestrial stepping in the adult newt, Pleurodeles waltl (1997) Journal of Neurophysiology, 78 (2), pp. 638-650
  • Frolich, L.M., Biewener, A.A., Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of the functional role of the body axis during terrestrial and aquatic locomotion in the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum (1992) Journal of Experimental Biology, 162, pp. 107-130
  • Maddin, H.C., Jenkins Jr., F.A., Anderson, J.S., The braincase of Eocaecilia micropodia (Lissamphibia, Gymnophiona) and the origin of caecilians (2012) PLoS ONE, 7 (12), pp. e50743. , doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050743
  • Ashley-Ross, M.A., Hindlimb kinematics during terrestrial locomotion in a salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) (1994) Journal of Experimental Biology, 193, pp. 255-283
  • Blob, R.W., Biewener, A.A., Mechanics of limb bone loading during terrestrial locomotion in the green iguana (Iguana iguana) and American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) (2001) Journal of Experimental Biology, 204 (6), pp. 1099-1122
  • Willey, J.S., Biknevicius, A.R., Reilly, S.M., Earls, K.D., The tale of the tail: Limb function and locomotor mechanics in Alligator mississippiensis (2004) Journal of Experimental Biology, 207 (3), pp. 553-563. , DOI 10.1242/jeb.00774
  • Kawano, S.M., Blob, R.W., Propulsive forces of mudskipper fins and salamander limbs during terrestrial locomotion: Implications for the invasion of land (2013) Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, pp. 283-294
  • Allen, V., Paxton, H., Hutchinson, J.R., Variation in Center of Mass Estimates for Extant Sauropsids and its Importance for Reconstructing Inertial Properties of Extinct Archosaurs (2009) The Anatomical Record, 291, pp. 1442-1461
  • Maddin, H.C., Eckhart, L., Jaeger, K., Russell, A.P., Ghannadan, M., The anatomy and development of the claws of Xenopus laevis (Lissamphibia: Anura) reveal alternate pathways of structural evolution in the integument of tetrapods (2009) Journal of Anatomy, 214, pp. 607-619
  • Pawley, K., Warren, A., The appendicular skeleton of Eryops megacephalus Cope, 1877 (Temnospondyli: Eryopoidea) from the Lower Permian of North America (2006) Journal of Paleontology, 80, pp. 561-580
  • Brand, L., Variations in salamander trackways resulting from substrate differences (1996) Journal of Paleontology, 70, pp. 1004-1010
  • King, H.M., Shubin, N.H., Coates, M.I., Hale, M.E., Behavioral evidence for the evolution of walking and bounding before terrestriality in sarcopterygian fishes (2011) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108, pp. 21146-21151
  • Pierce, S.E., Clack, J.A., Hutchinson, J.R., Three-dimensional limb joint mobility in the early tetrapod Ichthyostega (2012) Nature, 486, pp. 523-526
  • Pierce, S.E., Hutchinson, J.R., Clack, J.A., Historical perspectives on the evolution of tetrapodomorph movement (2013) Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, pp. 209-223

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Marsicano, C.A., Wilson, J.A. & Smith, R.M.H. (2014) . A temnospondyl trackway from the early mesozoic of western Gondwana and its implications for basal tetrapod locomotion. PLoS ONE, 9(8).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103255
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Marsicano, C.A., Wilson, J.A., Smith, R.M.H. "A temnospondyl trackway from the early mesozoic of western Gondwana and its implications for basal tetrapod locomotion" . PLoS ONE 9, no. 8 (2014).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103255
---------- MLA ----------
Marsicano, C.A., Wilson, J.A., Smith, R.M.H. "A temnospondyl trackway from the early mesozoic of western Gondwana and its implications for basal tetrapod locomotion" . PLoS ONE, vol. 9, no. 8, 2014.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103255
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Marsicano, C.A., Wilson, J.A., Smith, R.M.H. A temnospondyl trackway from the early mesozoic of western Gondwana and its implications for basal tetrapod locomotion. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(8).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103255