Artículo

Salatino, M.; Croci, D.O.; Bianco, G.A.; Ilarregui, J.M.; Toscano, M.A.; Rabinovich, G.A. "Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer" (2008) Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy. 8(1):45-57
Estamos trabajando para incorporar este artículo al repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

Galectin-1, a member of a family of highly conserved glycan-binding proteins, has emerged as a regulator of immune cell tolerance and homeostasis. This endogenous lectin widely expressed at sites of inflammation and tumour growth, has been postulated as an attractive immunosuppressive agent to restore immune cell tolerance and homeostasis in autoimmune and inflammatory settings. On the other hand, galectin-1 contributes to different steps of tumour progression including cell adhesion, migration and tumour-immune escape, suggesting that blockade of galectin-1 might result in therapeutic benefits in cancer. Recent findings implicating galectin-glycoprotein lattices as selective regulators of inflammatory responses have provided new insights into the understanding of the molecular bases of galectin-1-induced immunoregulation. Here the authors review the dual role of galectin-1 as a selective immunosuppressive agent in T helper (TH)1 and TH17-mediated inflammatory/autoimmune disorders and a potential therapeutic target in cancer and metastasis. © 2008 Informa UK Ltd.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer
Autor:Salatino, M.; Croci, D.O.; Bianco, G.A.; Ilarregui, J.M.; Toscano, M.A.; Rabinovich, G.A.
Filiación:Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departmemo de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Natutales, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Department of Immunology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Autoimmunity; Cancer; Glycoimmunology; Immunomodularion; Tumour-immune escape; binding protein; cyclophosphamide; galectin; galectin 1; glycan; glycoprotein; immunosuppressive agent; lectin; recombinant galectin 1; recombinant protein; retinoic acid; unclassified drug; galectin 1; immunosuppressive agent; autoimmune disease; cell adhesion; cell migration; drug targeting; homeostasis; human; immunocompetent cell; immunological tolerance; immunoregulation; inflammation; inflammatory disease; metastasis; neoplasm; nonhuman; protein expression; review; Th1 cell; tumor escape; tumor growth; autoimmune disease; helper cell; immunology; neoplasm; physiology; Autoimmune Diseases; Galectin 1; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
Año:2008
Volumen:8
Número:1
Página de inicio:45
Página de fin:57
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.8.1.45
Título revista:Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
Título revista abreviado:Expert Opin. Biol. Ther.
ISSN:14712598
CODEN:EOBTA
CAS:cyclophosphamide, 50-18-0; galectin 1, 258495-34-0; retinoic acid, 302-79-4; Galectin 1; Immunosuppressive Agents
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_14712598_v8_n1_p45_Salatino

Referencias:

  • Cooper, D.N., Galectinomics: Finding themes in complexity (2002) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1572 (2-3), pp. 209-231
  • Leffler, H., Carlsson, S., Hedlund, M., Qian, Y., Poirier, F., Introduction to galectins (2004) Glycoconj J, 19 (7-9), pp. 433-440
  • Ilarregui, J.M., Bianco, G.A., Toscano, M.A., Rabinovich, G.A., The coming of age of galectins as immunomodulatory agents: Impact of these carbohydrate binding proteins in T cell physiology and chronic inflammatory disorders (2005) Ann Rheum Dis, 64 (SUPPL. 4), pp. iv96-iv103
  • Toscano MA, Ilarregui JM, Bianco GA, et al. Dissecting the pathophysiologic role of endogenous lectins: glycan-binding proteins with cytokine-like activity? Cytokme Growth Factor Rev 2007;18(1-2):57-71; Liu, F.T., Patterson, R.J., Wang, J.L., Intracellular functions of galectins (2002) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1572 (2-3), pp. 263-273
  • Brewer, C.F., Miceli, M.C., Baum, L.G., Clusters, bundles, arrays and lattices: Novel mechanisms for lectin-saccharide-mediated cellular interactions (2002) Curr Opin Struct Biol, 12 (5), pp. 616-623
  • Liu, F.T., Rabinovich, G.A., Galectins as modulators of tumour progression (2005) Nat Rev Cancer, 5 (1), pp. 29-41
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Iglesias, M.M., Modesti, N.M., Activated rat macrophages produce a galectin-1-like protein that induces apoptosis of T cells: Biochemical and functional characterization (1998) J Immunol, 160 (10), pp. 4831-4840
  • Zuniga, E., Rabinovich, G.A., Iglesias, M.M., Gruppi, A., Regulated expression of galectin-1 during B-cell activation and implications for T-cell apoptosis (2001) J Leuk Biol, 70 (1), pp. 73-79
  • Blaser, C., Kaufmann, M., Muller, C., Beta-galactoside-binding protein secreted by activated T cells inhibits antigen-induced proliferation of T cells (1998) Eur J Immunol, 28 (8), pp. 2311-2319
  • Garin, M.I., Chu, C.C., Golshayan, D., Galectin-1: A key effector of regulation mediated by CD4+CD25<sup/>T cells (2007) Blood, 109 (5), pp. 2058-2065
  • Sugimoto, N., Oida, T., Hirota, K., Foxp3-dependent and -independent molecules specific for CD25+CD4+ natural regulatory T cells revealed by DNA microarray analysis (2006) Int Immunol, 18 (8), pp. 1197-1209
  • Wang, J.L., Gray, R.M., Haudek, K.C., Patterson, R.J., Nucleocytoplasmic lectins (2004) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1673 (1-2), pp. 75-93
  • Dagher, S.F., Wang, J.L., Patterson, R.J., Identification of galectin-3 as a factor in pre-mRNA splicing (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92 (4), pp. 1213-1217
  • Hughes, R.C., Secretion of the galectin family of mammalian carbohydrate-binding proteins (1999) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1473 (1), pp. 172-185
  • Seelenmeyer, C., Wegehingel, S., Tews, I., Cell surface counter receptors are essential components of the unconventional export machinery of galectin-1 (2005) J Cell Biol, 171 (2), pp. 373-381
  • Elola, M.T., Wolfenstein-Todel, C., Troncoso, M.F., Vasca, G.R., Rabinovich, G.A., Galectins: Matricellular glycan-binding proteins linking cell adhesion, migration, and survival (2007) Cell Mol Life Sci, 64 (13), pp. 1679-1700
  • Nickel, W., Unconventional secretory routes: Direct protein export across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells (2005) Traffic, 6 (8), pp. 607-614
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Baum, L.G., Tinari, N., Galectins and their ligands: Amplifiers, silencers or tuners of the inflammatory response? (2002) Trends Immunol, 23 (6), pp. 313-320
  • Camby, I., Mercier, M.L., Lefranc, F., Kiss, R., Galectin-1: A small protein with major functions (2006) Glycobiology, 16 (11), pp. 137-157
  • Levi, G., Tarrab-Hazdai, R., Teichberg, V.I., Prevention and therapy with electrolectin of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rabbits (1983) Eur J Immunol, 13 (6), pp. 500-507
  • Offner, H., Celnik, B., Bringman, T.S., Recombinant human β-galactoside binding lectin suppresses clinical and histological signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (1990) J Neuroimmunol, 28 (2), pp. 177-184
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Daly, G., Dreja, H., Recombinant galectin-1 and its genetic delivery suppress collagen-induced arthritis via T cell apoptosis (1999) J Exp Med, 190 (3), pp. 385-398
  • Santucci, L., Fiorucci, S., Rubinstein, N., Galectin-1 suppresses experimental colitis in mice (2003) Gastroenterology, 124 (5), pp. 1381-1394
  • Toscano, M.A., Commodaro, A.G., Ilarregui, J.M., Galectin-1 suppresses autoimmune retinal disease by promoting concomitant Th2- and T regulatory-mediated anti-inflammatory responses (2006) J Immunol, 176 (10), pp. 6323-6332
  • Santucci, L., Fiorucci, S., Cammilleri, F., Galectin-1 exerts immunomodulatory and protective effects on concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice (2000) Hepatology, 31 (2), pp. 399-406
  • Perone, M.J., Larregina, A.T., Shufesky, W.J., Transgenic galectin-1 induces maturation of dendritic cells that elicit contrasting responses in naive and activated T cells (2006) J Immunol, 176 (12), pp. 7207-7220
  • Rubinstein, N., Alvarez, M., Zwirner, N.W., Targeted inhibition of galectin-1 gene expression in tumor cells results in heightened T cell-mediated rejection; a potential mechanism of tumor-immune privilege (2004) Cancer Cell, 5 (3), pp. 241-251
  • QT, L., Shi, G., Cao, H., Galectin-1: A link between tumor hypoxia and tumor immune privilege (2005) J Clin Oncol, 23 (35), pp. 8932-8941
  • Perillo, N.L., Pace, K.E., Seilhamer, J.J., Baum, L.G., Apoptosis of T cells mediated by galectin-1 (1995) Nature, 378 (6558), pp. 736-739
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Ariel, A., Hershkoviz, R., Specific inhibition of T-cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and proinflammatory cytokine secretion by human recombinant galectin-1 (1999) Immunology, 97 (1), pp. 100-106
  • He, J., Baum, L.G., Presentation of galectin-1 by extracellular matrix triggers T cell death (2004) J Biol Chem, 279 (6), pp. 4705-4712
  • Endharti, A.T., Zhou, Y.W., Nakashima, I., Suzuki, H., Galectin-1 supports survival of naive T cells without promoting cell proliferation (2005) Eur J Immunol, 35 (1), pp. 86-97
  • Matarrese, P., Tinari, A., Mormone, E., Galectin-1 sensitizes testing human T lymphocytes to Fas (CD95)-mediated cell death via mitochondrial hyperpolarization, budding, and fission (2005) J Biol Chem, 280 (8), pp. 6969-6985
  • Toscano, M.A., Bianco, G.A., Ilarregui, J.M., Differential glycosylation of TH1, TH2 and TH-17 effector cells selectively regulates susceptibility to cell death (2007) Nat Immunol, 8 (8), pp. 825-834
  • Pace, K.E., Lee, C., Stewart, P.L., Baum, L.G., Restricted receptor segregation into membrane microdomains occurs on human T cells during apoptosis induced by galectin-1 (1999) J Immunol, 163 (7), pp. 3801-3811
  • Galvan, M., Tsuboi, S., Fukuda, M., Baum, L.G., Expression of a specific glycosyltransferase enzyme regulates T cell death mediated by galectin-1 (2000) J Biol Chem, 275 (22), pp. 16730-16737
  • Amano, M., Galvan, M., He, J., Baum, L.G., The ST6Gal I sialyltransferase selectively modifies N-glycans on CD45 to negatively regulate galectin-1-induced CD45 clustering, phosphatase modulation, and T cell death (2003) J Biol Chem, 278 (9), pp. 7469-7475
  • Perillo, N.L., Uittenbogaart, C.H., Nguyen, J.T., Baum, L.G., Galectin-1, an endogenous lectin produced by thymic epithelial cells, induces apoptosis of human thymocytes (1997) J Exp Med, 185 (10), pp. 1851-1858
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Modesti, N.M., Castagna, L.F., Specific inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and induction of apoptosis by CLL-I, a β-galactoside-binding lectin (1997) J Biochem, 122 (2), pp. 365-373
  • Chung, C.D., Patel, V.P., Moran, M., Lewis, L.A., Miceli, M.C., Galectin-1 induces partial TCR zeta-chain phosphorylation and antagonizes processive TCR signal transduction (2000) J Immunol, 165 (7), pp. 3722-3729
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Alonso, C.R., Sotomayor, C.E., Molecular mechanisms implicated in galectin-1-induced apoptosis: Activation of the AP-1 transcription factor and downregulation of Bcl-2 (2000) Cell Death Differ, 7 (8), pp. 747-753
  • Ion, G., Fajka-Boja, R., Toth, G.K., Caron, M., Monostori, E., Role of p56lck and ZAP70-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation in galectin-1-induced cell death (2005) Cell Death Differ, 12 (8), pp. 1145-1147
  • Ion, G., Fajka-Boja, R., Kovacs, F., Acid sphingomyelinase mediated release of ceramide is essential to trigger the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis by galectin-1 (2006) Cell Signal, 18 (11), pp. 1887-1896
  • Stowell, S.R., Karmakar, S., Stowell, C.J., Human galectin-1, -2, and -4 induce surface exposure of phosphatidylserine in activated human neutrophils but not in activated T cells (2007) Blood, 109 (1), pp. 219-227
  • He, J., Baum, L.G., Endothelial cell expression of galectin-1 induced by prostate cancer cells inhibits T-cell transendothelial migration (2006) Lab Invest, 86 (6), pp. 578-590
  • Sakaguchi, S., Naturally arising CD4+ regulatory T cells for immunologic self-tolerance and negative control of immune responses (2004) Annu Rev Immunol, 22, pp. 531-562
  • Regulatory, Z.W., T cells, tumour immunity and immunotherapy (2006) Nat Rev Immunol, 6 (4), pp. 295-307
  • Curiel, T.J., Coukos, G., Zou, L., Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival (2004) Nat Med, 10 (9), pp. 942-949
  • Colnot, C., Ripoche, M.A., Scacrou, F., Foulis, D., Poirier, F., Galectins in mouse embryogenesis (1996) Biochem Soc Trans, 24 (1), pp. 141-146
  • Tang, J., Zhu, W., Silver, P.B., Autoimmune uveitis elicited with antigen-pulsed dendritic celis has a distinct clinical signature and is driven by unique effector mechanisms: Initial encounter with autoantigen defines disease phenotype (2007) J Immunol, 178 (9), pp. 5578-5587
  • Van Der Leij, J., Van Den Berg, A., Harms, G., Strongly enhanced IL-10 production using stable galectin-1 homodimers (2007) Mol Immunol, 44 (4), pp. 506-513
  • Perone, M.J., Bertera, S., Tawadrous, Z.S., Dendritic cells expressing transgenic galectin-1 delay onset of autoimmune diabetes in mice (2006) J Immunol, 177 (8), pp. 5278-5289
  • Baum, L.G., Blackall, D.P., Arias-Magallano, S., Amelioration of graft versus host disease by galectin-1 (2003) Clin Immunol, 109 (3), pp. 295-307
  • Jenner, J., Kerst, G., Handgretinger, R., Muller, I., Increased α2,6-sialylation of surface proteins on tolerogenic, immature dendritic cells and regulatory T cells (2006) Exp Hematol, 34 (9), pp. 1212-1218
  • Danguy, A., Camby, I., Kiss, R., Galectins and cancer (2002) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1572 (2-3), pp. 285-293
  • Lahm, H., Andre, S., Hoeflich, A., Tumor galectinology: Insights into the complex network of a family of endogenous lectins (2004) Glycoconj J, 20 (4), pp. 227-238
  • Saussez, S., Camby, I., Toubeau, G., Kiss, R., Galectins as modulators of tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (2007) Head Neck, 29 (9), pp. 874-884
  • Paz, A., Haklai, R., Elad-Sfadia, G., Ballan, E., Kloog, Y., Galectin-1 binds oncogenic H-Ras to mediate Ras membrane anchorage and cell transformation (2001) Oncogene, 20 (51), pp. 7486-7493
  • Prior, I.A., Muncke, C., Parton, R.G., Hancock, J.F., Direct visualization of Ras proteins in spatially distinct cell surface microdomains (2003) J Cell Biol, 160 (2), pp. 165-170
  • Van Den Brule, F., Califice, S., Castronovo, V., Expression of galectins in cancer a critical review (2004) Glycoconj J, 19 (7-9), pp. 537-542
  • Camby, I., Belot, N., Rorive, S., Galectins are differentially expressed in supratentorial pilocytic astrocytomas, astrocromas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas, and significantly modulate tumor astrocyte migration (2001) Brain Pathol, 11 (1), pp. 12-26
  • Lahm, H., Andre, S., Hoeflich, A., Comprehensive galectin fingerprinting in a panel of 61 human tumor cell lines by RT-PCR and its implications for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (2001) J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 127 (6), pp. 375-386
  • Camby, I., Belot, N., Lefranc, F., Galectin-1 modulates human glioblastoma cell migration into the brain through modifications to the actin cytoskeleton and levels of expression of small GTPases (2002) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 61 (7), pp. 585-596
  • Van Den Brule, F.A., Waltregny, D., Castronovo, V., Increased expression of galectin-1 in carcinoma-associated stroma predicts poor outcome in prostate carcinoma patients (2001) J Pathol, 193 (1), pp. 80-87
  • Jung, E.J., Moon, H.G., Cho, B.I., Galectin-1 expression in cancer-associated stromal cells correlates tumor invasiveness and tumor progression in breast cancer (2007) Int J Cancer, 120 (11), pp. 2331-2338
  • Rabinovich GA. Galectin-1 as a potential cancer target. Br J Cancer 2005;92(7):1188-92; Chen, Y.R., Juan, H.F., Huang, H.C., Quantitative proteomic and genomic profiling reveals metastasis-related protein expression patterns in gastric cancer cells (2006) J Proteome Res, 5 (10), pp. 2727-2742
  • Kreunin, P., Yoo, C., Urquidi, V., Lubman, D.M., Goodison, S., Proteomic profiling identifies breast tumor metastasis-associated factors in an isogenic model (2007) Proteomics, 7 (2), pp. 299-312
  • Puchades, M., Nilsson, C.L., Emmett, M.R., Proteomic investigation of glioblastoma cell lines treated with wild-type p53 and cytotoxic chemotherapy demonstrates an association between galectin-1 and p53 expression (2007) J Proteome Res, 6 (2), pp. 869-875
  • Camby, I., Decaestecker, C., Lefranc, F., Galectin-1 knocking down in human U87 glioblastoma cells alters their gene expression pattern (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 335 (1), pp. 27-35
  • Saussez, S., Lorfevre, F., Lequeux, T., The determination of the levels of circulating galectin-1 and -3 in HNSCC patients could be used to monitor tumor progression and/or responses to therapy (2007) Oral Oncol, , Epub ahead of print
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Gabrilovich, D., Sotomayor, E.M., Immunosuppressive strategies that are mediated by tumor cells (2007) Annu Rev Immunol, 25, pp. 267-296
  • Croci, D.O., Zacarias Fluck, M.F., Rico, M.J., Dynamic cross-talk between tumor and immune cells in orchestrating the immunosuppressive network at the tumor microenvironment (2007) Cancer Immunol Immunother, 56 (11), pp. 1687-1700
  • Daroqui, C.M., Ilarregui, J.M., Rubinstein, N., Regulation of galectin-1 expression by transforming growth factor β1 in metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma cells: Implications for tumor-immune escape (2007) Cancer Immunol Immunother, 56 (4), pp. 491-499
  • Zacarias Fluck, M.F., Rico, M.J., Gervasoni, S.I., Low-dose cyclophosphamide modulates galectin-1 expression and function in an experimental rat lymphoma model (2007) Cancer Immunol Immunother, 56 (2), pp. 237-248
  • Lu, Y., Locan, D., Lotan, R., Differential regulation of constitutive and retinoic acid-induced galectin-1 gene transcription in murine embryonal carcinoma and myoblastic cells (2000) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1491 (1-3), pp. 13-19
  • Juszczynski, P., Ouyang, J., Monti, S., The AP1-dependent secretion of galectin-1 by Reed Sternberg cells fosters immune privilege in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104 (32), pp. 134-139
  • Gandhi, M.K., Moll, G., Smith, C., Galectin-1 mediated suppression of Epstein-Barr virus specific T-cell immunity in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (2007) Blood, 110 (4), pp. 1326-1329
  • Thijssen, V.L., Postel, R., Brandwijk, R.J., Galectin-1 is essential in tumor angiogenesis and is a target for antiangiogenesis therapy (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 103 (43), pp. 15975-15980
  • Valenzuela, H.F., Pace, K.E., Cabrera, P.V., O-glycosylation regulates LNCaP prostate cancer cell susceptibility to apoptosis induced by galectin-1 (2007) Cancer Res, 67 (13), pp. 6155-6162
  • Barrionuevo, P., Beigier-Bompadre, M., Ilarregui, J.M., A novel function for galectin-1 at the crossroad of innate and adaptive immunity-galectin-1 regulates monocyte/macrophage physiology through a nonapoptotic ERK-dependent pathway (2007) J Immunol, 178 (1), pp. 436-445
  • Correa, S.G., Sotomayor, C.E., Aoki, M.P., Maldonado, C.A., Rabinovich, G.A., Opposite effects of galectin-1 on alternative metabolic pathways of L-arginine in resident, inflammatory, and activated macrophages (2003) Glycobiology, 13 (2), pp. 119-128
  • Hittelet, A., Legendre, H., Nagy, N., Upregulation of galectins-1 and -3 in human colon cancer and their role in regulating cell migration (2003) Int J Cancer, 103 (3), pp. 370-379
  • Sanford, G.L., Harris-Hooker, S., Stimulation of vascular cell proliferation by β-galactoside specific lectins (1990) FASEB J, 4 (11), pp. 2912-2918
  • Moiseeva, E.P., Javed, Q., Spring, E.L., De Bono, D.P., Galectin 1 is involved in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (2000) Cardiovasc Res, 45 (2), pp. 493-502
  • Maeda, N., Kawada, N., Seki, S., Stimulation of proliferation of rat hepatic stellate cells by galectin-1 and galectin-3 through different intracellular signaling pathways (2003) J Biol Chem, 278 (21), pp. 18938-18944
  • Kopitz, J., Von Reitzenstein, C., Andre, S., Negative regulation of neuroblastoma cell growth by carbohydrate-dependent surface binding of galectin-1 and functional divergence from galectin-3 (2001) J Biol Chem, 276 (38), pp. 35917-35923
  • Yamaoka, K., Mishima, K., Nagashima, Y., Expression of galectin-1 mRNA correlates with the malignant potential of human gliomas and expression of antisense galectin-1 inhibits the growth of 9 glioma cells (2000) J Neurosci Res, 59 (6), pp. 722-730
  • Strik, H.M., Schmidt, K., Lingor, P., Galectin-1 expression in human glioma cells: Modulation by ionizing radiation and effects on tumor cell proliferation and migration (2007) Oncol Rep, 18 (2), pp. 483-488
  • Wells, V., Davies, D., Mallucci, L., Cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis by β-galactoside binding protein (β-GBP) in human mammary cancer cells. A potential new approach to cancer control (1999) Eur J Cancer, 35 (6), pp. 978-983
  • Adams, L., Scott, G.K., Weinberg, C.S., Biphasic modulation of cell growth by recombinant human galectin-1 (1996) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1312 (2), pp. 137-144
  • Van Den Brule, F.A., Buicu, C., Baldet, M., Galectin-1 modulates human melanoma cell adhesion to laminin (1995) Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 209 (2), pp. 760-767
  • Zhou, Q., Cummings, R.D., L-14 lectin recognition of laminin and its promotion of in vitro cell adhesion (1993) Arch Biochem Biophys, 300 (1), pp. 6-17
  • Tinari, N., Kuwabara, I., Huflejt, M.E., Glycoprotein 90K/MAC-2BP interacts with galectin-1 and mediates galectin-1-induced cell aggregation (2001) Int J Cancer, 91 (2), pp. 167-172
  • Glinsky, V.V., Huflejt, M.E., Glinsky, G.V., Deutscher, S.L., Quinn, T.P., Effects of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen-specific peptide P-30 on β-galactoside-mediated homotypic aggregation and adhesion to the endothelium of MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma cells (2000) Cancer Res, 60 (10), pp. 2584-2588
  • Clausse, N., Van Den Brule, F., Waltregny, D., Garnier, F., Castronovo, V., Galectin-1 expression in prostate tumor-associated capillary endothelial cells is increased by prostate carcinoma cells and modulates heterotypic cell-cell adhesion (1999) Angiogenesis, 3 (4), pp. 317-325
  • La, M., Cao, T.V., Cerchiaro, G., A novel biological activity for galectin-1: Inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in experimental inflammation (2003) Am J Pathol, 163 (4), pp. 1505-1515
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Sotomayor, C.E., Riera, C.M., Bianco, I., Correa, S.G., Evidence of a role for galectin-1 in acute inflammation (2000) Eur J Immunol, 30 (5), pp. 1331-1339
  • Delbrouck, C., Doyen, I., Belot, N., Galectin-1 is overexpressed in nasal polyps under budesonide and inhibits eosinophil migration (2002) Lab Invest, 82 (2), pp. 147-158
  • Ingrassia, L., Camby, I., Lefranc, F., Anti-galectin compounds as potential anti-cancer drugs (2006) Curr Med Chem, 13 (29), pp. 3513-3527
  • Sorne, P., Kahl-Knutsson, B., Wellmar, U., Design and synthesis of galectin inhibitors (2003) Methods Enzymol, 363, pp. 157-169
  • Rabinovich, G.A., Cumashi, A., Bianco, G.A., Synthetic lactulose amines: Novel class of anticancer agents that induce tumor-cell apoptosis and inhibit galectin-mediated homotypic cell aggregation and endothelial cell morphogenesis (2006) Glycobiology, 16 (3), pp. 210-220

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Salatino, M., Croci, D.O., Bianco, G.A., Ilarregui, J.M., Toscano, M.A. & Rabinovich, G.A. (2008) . Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 8(1), 45-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.8.1.45
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Salatino, M., Croci, D.O., Bianco, G.A., Ilarregui, J.M., Toscano, M.A., Rabinovich, G.A. "Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer" . Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 8, no. 1 (2008) : 45-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.8.1.45
---------- MLA ----------
Salatino, M., Croci, D.O., Bianco, G.A., Ilarregui, J.M., Toscano, M.A., Rabinovich, G.A. "Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer" . Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 8, no. 1, 2008, pp. 45-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.8.1.45
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Salatino, M., Croci, D.O., Bianco, G.A., Ilarregui, J.M., Toscano, M.A., Rabinovich, G.A. Galectin-1 as a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and cancer. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 2008;8(1):45-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.8.1.45