Artículo

Díaz Flaqué, M.C.; Galigniana, N.M.; Béguelin, W.; Vicario, R.; Proietti, C.J.; Russo, R.C.; Rivas, M.A.; Tkach, M.; Guzmán, P.; Roa, J.C.; Maronna, E.; Pineda, V.; Muñoz, S.; Mercogliano, M.F.; Charreau, E.H.; Yankilevich, P.; Schillaci, R.; Elizalde, P.V. "Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy" (2013) Breast Cancer Research. 15(6)
Estamos trabajando para incorporar este artículo al repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

Introduction: The role of the progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer remains a major clinical challenge. Although PR induces mammary tumor growth, its presence in breast tumors is a marker of good prognosis. We investigated coordinated PR rapid and nonclassical transcriptional effects governing breast cancer growth and endocrine therapy resistance. Methods: We used breast cancer cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant PRs, cells sensitive and resistant to endocrine therapy, a variety of molecular and cellular biology approaches, in vitro proliferation studies and preclinical models to explore PR regulation of cyclin D1 expression, tumor growth, and response to endocrine therapy. We investigated the clinical significance of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and PR interaction in a cohort of 99 PR-positive breast tumors by an immunofluorescence protocol we developed. The prognostic value of AP-1/PR nuclear colocalization in overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox model was used to explore said colocalization as an independent prognostic factor for OS. Results: We demonstrated that at the cyclin D1 promoter and through coordinated rapid and transcriptional effects, progestin induces the assembly of a transcriptional complex among AP-1, Stat3, PR, and ErbB-2 which functions as an enhanceosome to drive breast cancer growth. Our studies in a cohort of human breast tumors identified PR and AP-1 nuclear interaction as a marker of good prognosis and better OS in patients treated with tamoxifen (Tam), an anti-estrogen receptor therapy. Rationale for this finding was provided by our demonstration that Tam inhibits rapid and genomic PR effects, rendering breast cancer cells sensitive to its antiproliferative effects. Conclusions: We here provided novel insight into the paradox of PR action as well as new tools to identify the subgroup of ER+/PR + patients unlikely to respond to ER-targeted therapies. © 2013 Díaz Flaqué et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy
Autor:Díaz Flaqué, M.C.; Galigniana, N.M.; Béguelin, W.; Vicario, R.; Proietti, C.J.; Russo, R.C.; Rivas, M.A.; Tkach, M.; Guzmán, P.; Roa, J.C.; Maronna, E.; Pineda, V.; Muñoz, S.; Mercogliano, M.F.; Charreau, E.H.; Yankilevich, P.; Schillaci, R.; Elizalde, P.V.
Filiación:Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:CCND1 protein, human; cyclin D1; epidermal growth factor receptor 2; ERBB2 protein, human; medroxyprogesterone acetate; progesterone receptor; selective estrogen receptor modulator; STAT3 protein; Stat3 protein, mouse; tamoxifen; transcription factor AP 1; animal; Bagg albino mouse; Breast Neoplasms; cell nucleus; drug effects; female; follow up; genetics; human; metabolism; mortality; pathology; phosphorylation; promoter region; retrospective study; treatment outcome; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Nucleus; Cyclin D1; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phosphorylation; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Receptor, ErbB-2; Receptors, Progesterone; Retrospective Studies; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Tamoxifen; Transcription Factor AP-1; Treatment Outcome
Año:2013
Volumen:15
Número:6
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr3587
Título revista:Breast Cancer Research
Título revista abreviado:Breast Cancer Res.
ISSN:14655411
CODEN:BCRRC
CAS:epidermal growth factor receptor 2, 137632-09-8; medroxyprogesterone acetate, 71-58-9; tamoxifen, 10540-29-1; CCND1 protein, human; Cyclin D1; ERBB2 protein, human; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; Receptor, ErbB-2; Receptors, Progesterone; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Stat3 protein, mouse; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Tamoxifen; Transcription Factor AP-1
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_14655411_v15_n6_p_DiazFlaque

Referencias:

  • Daniel, A.R., Hagan, C.R., Lange, C.A., Progesterone receptor action: defining a role in breast cancer (2011) Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab, 6, pp. 359-369. , 10.1586/eem.11.25, 3156468, 21857868
  • Balana, M.E., Lupu, R., Labriola, L., Charreau, E.H., Elizalde, P.V., Interactions between progestins and heregulin (HRG) signaling pathways: HRG acts as mediator of progestins proliferative effects in mouse mammary adenocarcinomas (1999) Oncogene, 18, pp. 6370-6379. , 10.1038/sj.onc.1203028, 10597237
  • Migliaccio, A., Piccolo, D., Castoria, G., Di Domenico, M., Bilancio, A., Lombardi, M., Gong, W., Auricchio, F., Activation of the Src/p21ras/Erk pathway by progesterone receptor via cross-talk with estrogen receptor (1998) EMBO J, 17, pp. 2008-2018. , 10.1093/emboj/17.7.2008, 1170546, 9524123
  • Boonyaratanakornkit, V., Scott, M.P., Ribon, V., Sherman, L., Anderson, S.M., Maller, J.L., Miller, W.T., Edwards, D.P., Progesterone receptor contains a proline-rich motif that directly interacts with SH3 domains and activates c-Src family tyrosine kinases (2001) Mol Cell, 8, pp. 269-280. , 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00304-5, 11545730
  • Carnevale, R.P., Proietti, C.J., Salatino, M., Urtreger, A., Peluffo, G., Edwards, D.P., Boonyaratanakornkit, V., Elizalde, P.V., Progestin effects on breast cancer cell proliferation, proteases activation, and in vivo development of metastatic phenotype all depend on progesterone receptor capacity to activate cytoplasmic signaling pathways (2007) Mol Endocrinol, 21, pp. 1335-1358. , 10.1210/me.2006-0304, 17440047
  • Proietti, C., Salatino, M., Rosemblit, C., Carnevale, R., Pecci, A., Kornblihtt, A.R., Molinolo, A.A., Elizalde, P.V., Progestins induce transcriptional activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) via a Jak- and Src-dependent mechanism in breast cancer cells (2005) Mol Cell Biol, 25, pp. 4826-4840. , 10.1128/MCB.25.12.4826-4840.2005, 1140598, 15923602
  • Proietti, C.J., Rosemblit, C., Beguelin, W., Rivas, M.A., Diaz Flaque, M.C., Charreau, E.H., Schillaci, R., Elizalde, P.V., Activation of Stat3 by heregulin/ErbB-2 through the co-option of progesterone receptor signaling drives breast cancer growth (2009) Mol Cell Biol, 29, pp. 1249-1265. , 10.1128/MCB.00853-08, 2643818, 19103753
  • Boonyaratanakornkit, V., McGowan, E., Sherman, L., Mancini, M.A., Cheskis, B.J., Edwards, D.P., The role of extranuclear signaling actions of progesterone receptor in mediating progesterone regulation of gene expression and the cell cycle (2007) Mol Endocrinol, 21, pp. 359-375. , 10.1210/me.2006-0337, 17138644
  • Beguelin, W., Diaz Flaque, M.C., Proietti, C.J., Cayrol, F., Rivas, M.A., Tkach, M., Rosemblit, C., Elizalde, P.V., Progesterone receptor induces ErbB-2 nuclear translocation to promote breast cancer growth via a novel transcriptional effect: ErbB-2 function as a coactivator of Stat3 (2010) Mol Cell Biol, 30, pp. 5456-5472. , 10.1128/MCB.00012-10, 2976427, 20876300
  • Slamon, D.J., Godolphin, W., Jones, L.A., Holt, J.A., Wong, S.G., Keith, D.E., Levin, W.J., Ullrich, A., Studies of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene in human breast and ovarian cancer (1989) Science, 244, pp. 707-712. , 10.1126/science.2470152, 2470152
  • Faivre, E., Skildum, A., Pierson-Mullany, L., Lange, C.A., Integration of progesterone receptor mediated rapid signaling and nuclear actions in breast cancer cell models: role of mitogen-activated protein kinases and cell cycle regulators (2005) Steroids, 70, pp. 418-426. , 10.1016/j.steroids.2005.02.012, 15862825
  • Owen, G.I., Richer, J.K., Tung, L., Takimoto, G., Horwitz, K.B., Progesterone regulates transcription of the p21(WAF1) cyclin- dependent kinase inhibitor gene through Sp1 and CBP/p300 (1998) J Biol Chem, 273, pp. 10696-10701. , 10.1074/jbc.273.17.10696, 9553133
  • Gizard, F., Robillard, R., Gross, B., Barbier, O., Revillion, F., Peyrat, J.P., Torpier, G., Staels, B., TReP-132 is a novel progesterone receptor coactivator required for the inhibition of breast cancer cell growth and enhancement of differentiation by progesterone (2006) Mol Cell Biol, 26, pp. 7632-7644. , 10.1128/MCB.00326-06, 1636875, 17015480
  • Albanese, C., Johnson, J., Watanabe, G., Eklund, N., Vu, D., Arnold, A., Pestell, R.G., Transforming p21ras mutants and c-Ets-2 activate the cyclin D1 promoter through distinguishable regions (1995) J Biol Chem, 270, pp. 23589-23597. , 10.1074/jbc.270.40.23589, 7559524
  • Angel, P., Imagawa, M., Chiu, R., Stein, B., Imbra, R.J., Rahmsdorf, H.J., Jonat, C., Karin, M., Phorbol ester-inducible genes contain a common cis element recognized by a TPA-modulated trans-acting factor (1987) Cell, 49, pp. 729-739. , 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90611-8, 3034432
  • Alkhalaf, M., Murphy, L.C., Regulation of c-jun and jun-B by progestins in T-47D human breast cancer cells (1992) Mol Endocrinol, 6, pp. 1625-1633
  • Morton, S., Davis, R.J., McLaren, A., Cohen, P., A reinvestigation of the multisite phosphorylation of the transcription factor c-Jun (2003) EMBO J, 22, pp. 3876-3886. , 10.1093/emboj/cdg388, 169061, 12881422
  • Monje, P., Marinissen, M.J., Gutkind, J.S., Phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal transactivation domain of c-Fos by extracellular signal-regulated kinase mediates the transcriptional activation of AP-1 and cellular transformation induced by platelet-derived growth factor (2003) Mol Cell Biol, 23, pp. 7030-7043. , 10.1128/MCB.23.19.7030-7043.2003, 193921, 12972619
  • Gilley, R., March, H.N., Cook, S.J., ERK1/2, but not ERK5, is necessary and sufficient for phosphorylation and activation of c-Fos (2009) Cell Signal, 21, pp. 969-977. , 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.02.006, 19249353
  • Lu, C., Shen, Q., DuPre, E., Kim, H., Hilsenbeck, S., Brown, P.H., CFos is critical for MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth (2005) Oncogene, 24, pp. 6516-6524
  • Ludes-Meyers, J.H., Liu, Y., Munoz-Medellin, D., Hilsenbeck, S.G., Brown, P.H., AP-1 blockade inhibits the growth of normal and malignant breast cells (2001) Oncogene, 20, pp. 2771-2780. , 10.1038/sj.onc.1204377, 11420689
  • Liu, Y., Ludes-Meyers, J., Zhang, Y., Munoz-Medellin, D., Kim, H.T., Lu, C., Ge, G., Brown, P.H., Inhibition of AP-1 transcription factor causes blockade of multiple signal transduction pathways and inhibits breast cancer growth (2002) Oncogene, 21, pp. 7680-7689. , 10.1038/sj.onc.1205883, 12400010
  • Schillaci, R., Salatino, M., Cassataro, J., Proietti, C.J., Giambartolomei, G.H., Rivas, M.A., Carnevale, R.P., Elizalde, P.V., Immunization with murine breast cancer cells treated with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor induced an antitumoral effect mediated by a CD8+ response involving Fas/Fas ligand cytotoxic pathway (2006) J Immunol, 176, pp. 3426-3437
  • Schillaci, R., Guzman, P., Cayrol, F., Beguelin, W., Diaz Flaque, M.C., Proietti, C.J., Pineda, V., Elizalde, P.V., Clinical relevance of ErbB-2/HER2 nuclear expression in breast cancer (2012) BMC Cancer, 12, p. 74. , 10.1186/1471-2407-12-74, 3342900, 22356700
  • Singletary, S.E., Allred, C., Ashley, P., Bassett, L.W., Berry, D., Bland, K.I., Borgen, P.I., Greene, F.L., Revision of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast cancer (2002) J Clin Oncol, 20, pp. 3628-3636. , 10.1200/JCO.2002.02.026, 12202663
  • Page, D.L., Ellis, I.O., Elston, C.W., Histologic grading of breast cancer (1995) Let's do it. Am J Clin Pathol, 103, pp. 123-124
  • Ritter, C.A., Perez-Torres, M., Rinehart, C., Guix, M., Dugger, T., Engelman, J.A., Arteaga, C.L., Human breast cancer cells selected for resistance to trastuzumab in vivo overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor and ErbB ligands and remain dependent on the ErbB receptor network (2007) Clin Cancer Res, 13, pp. 4909-4919. , 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0701, 17699871
  • Rivas, M.A., Venturutti, L., Huang, Y.W., Schillaci, R., Huang, T.H., Elizalde, P.V., Downregulation of the tumor-suppressor miR-16 via progestin-mediated oncogenic signaling contributes to breast cancer development (2012) Breast Cancer Res, 14, pp. R77. , 10.1186/bcr3187, 3446340, 22583478
  • Brown, P.H., Alani, R., Preis, L.H., Szabo, E., Birrer, M.J., Suppression of oncogene-induced transformation by a deletion mutant of c-Jun (1993) Oncogene, 8, pp. 877-886
  • Olive, M., Krylov, D., Echlin, D.R., Gardner, K., Taparowsky, E., Vinson, C., A dominant negative to activation protein-1 (AP1) that abolishes DNA binding and inhibits oncogenesis (1997) J Biol Chem, 272, pp. 18586-18594. , 10.1074/jbc.272.30.18586, 9228025
  • Giri, D.K., Ali-Seyed, M., Li, L.Y., Lee, D.F., Ling, P., Bartholomeusz, G., Wang, S.C., Hung, M.C., Endosomal transport of ErbB-2: mechanism for nuclear entry of the cell surface receptor (2005) Mol Cell Biol, 25, pp. 11005-11018. , 10.1128/MCB.25.24.11005-11018.2005, 1316946, 16314522
  • Tung, L., Mohamed, M.K., Hoeffler, J.P., Takimoto, G.S., Horwitz, K.B., Antagonist-occupied human progesterone B-receptors activate transcription without binding to progesterone response elements and are dominantly inhibited by A-receptors (1993) Mol Endocrinol, 7, pp. 1256-1265
  • Ferreira, T., Rasband, W., ImageJ User Guide IJ 1.46r http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/docs/guide; Bailey, T.L., Gribskov, M., Combining evidence using p-values: application to sequence homology searches (1998) Bioinformatics, 14, pp. 48-54. , 10.1093/bioinformatics/14.1.48, 9520501
  • Grant, C.E., Bailey, T.L., Noble, W.S., FIMO: scanning for occurrences of a given motif (2011) Bioinformatics, 27, pp. 1017-1018. , 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr064, 3065696, 21330290
  • Portales-Casamar, E., Thongjuea, S., Kwon, A.T., Arenillas, D., Zhao, X., Valen, E., Yusuf, D., Sandelin, A., JASPAR 2010: the greatly expanded open-access database of transcription factor binding profiles (2010) Nucleic Acids Res, 38, pp. D105-D110. , 10.1093/nar/gkp950, 2808906, 19906716
  • Matys, V., Kel-Margoulis, O.V., Fricke, E., Liebich, I., Land, S., Barre-Dirrie, A., Reuter, I., Wingender, E., TRANSFAC and its module TRANSCompel: transcriptional gene regulation in eukaryotes (2006) Nucleic Acids Res, 34, pp. D108-D110. , 10.1093/nar/gkj143, 1347505, 16381825
  • Wang, S.C., Lien, H.C., Xia, W., Chen, I.F., Lo, H.W., Wang, Z., Ali-Seyed, M., Hung, M.C., Binding at and transactivation of the COX-2 promoter by nuclear tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB-2 (2004) Cancer Cell, 6, pp. 251-261. , 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.07.012, 15380516
  • Clarke, C.L., Graham, J.D., Non-overlapping progesterone receptor cistromes contribute to cell-specific transcriptional outcomes (2012) PLoS One, 7, pp. e35859. , 10.1371/journal.pone.0035859, 3335806, 22545144
  • Machanick, P., Bailey, T.L., MEME-ChIP: motif analysis of large DNA datasets (2011) Bioinformatics, 27, pp. 1696-1697. , 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr189, 3106185, 21486936
  • Mohsin, S.K., Weiss, H., Havighurst, T., Clark, G.M., Berardo, M., Roanh, I.D., To, T.V., Allred, D.C., Progesterone receptor by immunohistochemistry and clinical outcome in breast cancer: a validation study (2004) Mod Pathol, 17, pp. 1545-1554. , 10.1038/modpathol.3800229, 15272277
  • Vittinghoff, E., McCulloch, C.E., Relaxing the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and Cox regression (2007) Am J Epidemiol, 165, pp. 710-718. , 10.1093/aje/kwk052, 17182981
  • Quiles, I., Millan-Arino, L., Subtil-Rodriguez, A., Minana, B., Spinedi, N., Ballare, C., Beato, M., Jordan, A., Mutational analysis of progesterone receptor functional domains in stable cell lines delineates sets of genes regulated by different mechanisms (2009) Mol Endocrinol, 23, pp. 809-826. , 10.1210/me.2008-0454, 19299443
  • Ginsberg, M., Czeko, E., Muller, P., Ren, Z., Chen, X., Darnell, J.E., Amino acid residues required for physical and cooperative transcriptional interaction of STAT3 and AP-1 proteins c-Jun and c-Fos (2007) Mol Cell Biol, 27, pp. 6300-6308. , 10.1128/MCB.00613-07, 2099614, 17636030
  • Lerner, L., Henriksen, M.A., Zhang, X., Darnell, J.E., STAT3-dependent enhanceosome assembly and disassembly: synergy with GR for full transcriptional increase of the alpha 2-macroglobulin gene (2003) Genes Dev, 17, pp. 2564-2577. , 10.1101/gad.1135003, 218150, 14522952
  • Zugowski, C., Lieder, F., Muller, A., Gasch, J., Corvinus, F.M., Moriggl, R., Friedrich, K., STAT3 controls matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in colon carcinoma cells by both direct and AP-1-mediated interaction with the MMP-1 promoter (2011) Biol Chem, 392, pp. 449-459
  • Kordon, E., Lanari, C., Meiss, R., Elizalde, P., Charreau, E., Dosne, P.C., Hormone dependence of a mouse mammary tumor line induced in vivo by medroxyprogesterone acetate (1990) Breast Cancer Res Treat, 17, pp. 33-43. , 10.1007/BF01812682, 2151368
  • Simian, M., Molinolo, A., Lanari, C., Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase activity in hormone-induced mammary tumor regression (2006) Am J Pathol, 168, pp. 270-279. , 10.2353/ajpath.2006.050012, 1592671, 16400029
  • Lanari, C., Lamb, C.A., Fabris, V.T., Helguero, L.A., Soldati, R., Bottino, M.C., Giulianelli, S., Molinolo, A., The MPA mouse breast cancer model: evidence for a role of progesterone receptors in breast cancer (2009) Endocr Relat Cancer, 16, pp. 333-350. , 10.1677/ERC-08-0244, 19190078
  • Gee, J.M., Barroso, A.F., Ellis, I.O., Robertson, J.F., Nicholson, R.I., Biological and clinical associations of c-jun activation in human breast cancer (2000) Int J Cancer, 89, pp. 177-186. , 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000320)89:2<177::AID-IJC13>3.0.CO;2-0, 10754497
  • Ballare, C., Uhrig, M., Bechtold, T., Sancho, E., Di Domenico, M., Migliaccio, A., Auricchio, F., Beato, M., Two domains of the progesterone receptor interact with the estrogen receptor and are required for progesterone activation of the c-Src/Erk pathway in mammalian cells (2003) Mol Cell Biol, 23, pp. 1994-2008. , 10.1128/MCB.23.6.1994-2008.2003, 149459, 12612073
  • Castoria, G., Barone, M.V., Di Domenico, M., Bilancio, A., Ametrano, D., Migliaccio, A., Auricchio, F., Non-transcriptional action of oestradiol and progestin triggers DNA synthesis (1999) EMBO J, 18, pp. 2500-2510. , 10.1093/emboj/18.9.2500, 1171332, 10228164
  • Osborne, C.K., Bardou, V., Hopp, T.A., Chamness, G.C., Hilsenbeck, S.G., Fuqua, S.A., Wong, J., Schiff, R., Role of the estrogen receptor coactivator AIB1 (SRC-3) and HER-2/neu in tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer (2003) J Natl Cancer Inst, 95, pp. 353-361. , 10.1093/jnci/95.5.353, 12618500
  • Kurebayashi, J., Resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer (2005) Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 56, pp. 39-46
  • Gutierrez, M.C., Detre, S., Johnston, S., Mohsin, S.K., Shou, J., Allred, D.C., Schiff, R., Dowsett, M., Molecular changes in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer: relationship between estrogen receptor, HER-2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (2005) J Clin Oncol, 23, pp. 2469-2476. , 10.1200/JCO.2005.01.172, 15753463
  • Ali, S.M., Carney, W.P., Esteva, F.J., Fornier, M., Harris, L., Kostler, W.J., Lotz, J.P., Lipton, A., Serum HER-2/neu and relative resistance to trastuzumab-based therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer (2008) Cancer, 113, pp. 1294-1301. , 10.1002/cncr.23689, 18661530
  • Lebedeva, G., Yamaguchi, A., Langdon, S.P., Macleod, K., Harrison, D.J., A model of estrogen-related gene expression reveals non-linear effects in transcriptional response to tamoxifen (2012) BMC Syst Biol, 6, p. 138. , 10.1186/1752-0509-6-138, 3573949, 23134774
  • McDonnell, D.P., Connor, C.E., Wijayaratne, A., Chang, C.Y., Norris, J.D., Definition of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the tissue-selective agonist/antagonist activities of selective estrogen receptor modulators (2002) Recent Prog Horm Res, 57, pp. 295-316. , 10.1210/rp.57.1.295, 12017549
  • Reddel, R.R., Sutherland, R.L., Tamoxifen stimulation of human breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro: a possible model for tamoxifen tumour flare (1984) Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol, 20, pp. 1419-1424. , 10.1016/0277-5379(84)90062-2, 6542011
  • Wakeling, A.E., Newboult, E., Peters, S.W., Effects of antioestrogens on the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (1989) J Mol Endocrinol, 2, pp. 225-234. , 10.1677/jme.0.0020225, 2665780
  • Chen, B., Wang, Y., Kane, S.E., Chen, S., Improvement of sensitivity to tamoxifen in estrogen receptor-positive and Herceptin-resistant breast cancer cells (2008) J Mol Endocrinol, 41, pp. 367-377. , 10.1677/JME-08-0026, 3503452, 18768663
  • Wang, Y.C., Morrison, G., Gillihan, R., Guo, J., Ward, R.M., Fu, X., Botero, M.F., Schiff, R., Different mechanisms for resistance to trastuzumab versus lapatinib in HER2-positive breast cancers-role of estrogen receptor and HER2 reactivation (2011) Breast Cancer Res, 13, pp. R121. , 10.1186/bcr3067, 3326563, 22123186
  • Smith, C.L., Nawaz, Z., O'Malley, B.W., Coactivator and corepressor regulation of the agonist/antagonist activity of the mixed antiestrogen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (1997) Mol Endocrinol, 11, pp. 657-666. , 10.1210/mend.11.6.0009, 9171229
  • Takimoto, G.S., Graham, J.D., Jackson, T.A., Tung, L., Powell, R.L., Horwitz, L.D., Horwitz, K.B., Tamoxifen resistant breast cancer: coregulators determine the direction of transcription by antagonist-occupied steroid receptors (1999) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 69, pp. 45-50. , 10.1016/S0960-0760(98)00148-4, 10418980
  • Graham, J.D., Bain, D.L., Richer, J.K., Jackson, T.A., Tung, L., Horwitz, K.B., Thoughts on tamoxifen resistant breast cancer. Are coregulators the answer or just a red herring? (2000) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 74, pp. 255-259. , 10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00101-1, 11162933
  • Genomatix genome analyser - MatInspector http://www.genomatix.de; Richer, J.K., Jacobsen, B.M., Manning, N.G., Abel, M.G., Wolf, D.M., Horwitz, K.B., Differential gene regulation by the two progesterone receptor isoforms in human breast cancer cells (2002) J Biol Chem, 277, pp. 5209-5218. , 10.1074/jbc.M110090200, 11717311
  • Cicatiello, L., Addeo, R., Sasso, A., Altucci, L., Petrizzi, V.B., Borgo, R., Cancemi, M., Weisz, A., Estrogens and progesterone promote persistent CCND1 gene activation during G1 by inducing transcriptional derepression via c-Jun/c-Fos/estrogen receptor (progesterone receptor) complex assembly to a distal regulatory element and recruitment of cyclin D1 to its own gene promoter (2004) Mol Cell Biol, 24, pp. 7260-7274. , 10.1128/MCB.24.16.7260-7274.2004, 479712, 15282324
  • Smith, L.M., Wise, S.C., Hendricks, D.T., Sabichi, A.L., Bos, T., Reddy, P., Brown, P.H., Birrer, M.J., CJun overexpression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells produces a tumorigenic, invasive and hormone resistant phenotype (1999) Oncogene, 18, pp. 6063-6070. , 10.1038/sj.onc.1202989, 10557095
  • Zhou, Y., Yau, C., Gray, J.W., Chew, K., Dairkee, S.H., Moore, D.H., Eppenberger, U., Benz, C.C., Enhanced NF kappa B and AP-1 transcriptional activity associated with antiestrogen resistant breast cancer (2007) BMC Cancer, 7, p. 59. , 10.1186/1471-2407-7-59, 1852565, 17407600
  • Johnston, S.R., Lu, B., Scott, G.K., Kushner, P.J., Smith, I.E., Dowsett, M., Benz, C.C., Increased activator protein-1 DNA binding and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activity in human breast tumors with acquired tamoxifen resistance (1999) Clin Cancer Res, 5, pp. 251-256
  • Qiu, M., Olsen, A., Faivre, E., Horwitz, K.B., Lange, C.A., Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates nuclear association of human progesterone receptors (2003) Mol Endocrinol, 17, pp. 628-642. , 10.1210/me.2002-0378, 12554776
  • Labriola, L., Salatino, M., Proietti, C.J., Pecci, A., Coso, O.A., Kornblihtt, A.R., Charreau, E.H., Elizalde, P.V., Heregulin induces transcriptional activation of the progesterone receptor by a mechanism that requires functional ErbB-2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in breast cancer cells (2003) Mol Cell Biol, 23, pp. 1095-1111. , 10.1128/MCB.23.3.1095-1111.2003, 140689, 12529413
  • Yang, Z., Barnes, C.J., Kumar, R., Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status modulates subcellular localization of and interaction with estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer cells (2004) Clin Cancer Res, 10, pp. 3621-3628. , 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-0740-3, 15173068
  • McGowan, E.M., Russell, A.J., Boonyaratanakornkit, V., Saunders, D.N., Lehrbach, G.M., Sergio, C.M., Musgrove, E.A., Sutherland, R.L., Progestins reinitiate cell cycle progression in antiestrogen-arrested breast cancer cells through the B-isoform of progesterone receptor (2007) Cancer Res, 67, pp. 8942-8951. , 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-1255, 17875737
  • Harvell, D.M., Spoelstra, N.S., Singh, M., McManaman, J.L., Finlayson, C., Phang, T., Trapp, S., Richer, J.K., Molecular signatures of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer: characteristics of response or intrinsic resistance (2008) Breast Cancer Res Treat, 112, pp. 475-488. , 10.1007/s10549-008-9897-4, 18327671
  • Jirstrom, K., Ringberg, A., Ferno, M., Anagnostaki, L., Landberg, G., Tissue microarray analyses of G1/S-regulatory proteins in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast indicate that low cyclin D1 is associated with local recurrence (2003) Br J Cancer, 89, pp. 1920-1926. , 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601398, 2394433, 14612904
  • Jirstrom, K., Stendahl, M., Ryden, L., Kronblad, A., Bendahl, P.O., Stal, O., Landberg, G., Adverse effect of adjuvant tamoxifen in premenopausal breast cancer with cyclin D1 gene amplification (2005) Cancer Res, 65, pp. 8009-8016
  • Bardou, V.J., Arpino, G., Elledge, R.M., Osborne, C.K., Clark, G.M., Progesterone receptor status significantly improves outcome prediction over estrogen receptor status alone for adjuvant endocrine therapy in two large breast cancer databases (2003) J Clin Oncol, 21, pp. 1973-1979. , 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.099, 12743151

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Díaz Flaqué, M.C., Galigniana, N.M., Béguelin, W., Vicario, R., Proietti, C.J., Russo, R.C., Rivas, M.A.,..., Elizalde, P.V. (2013) . Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Research, 15(6).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr3587
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Díaz Flaqué, M.C., Galigniana, N.M., Béguelin, W., Vicario, R., Proietti, C.J., Russo, R.C., et al. "Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy" . Breast Cancer Research 15, no. 6 (2013).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr3587
---------- MLA ----------
Díaz Flaqué, M.C., Galigniana, N.M., Béguelin, W., Vicario, R., Proietti, C.J., Russo, R.C., et al. "Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy" . Breast Cancer Research, vol. 15, no. 6, 2013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr3587
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Díaz Flaqué, M.C., Galigniana, N.M., Béguelin, W., Vicario, R., Proietti, C.J., Russo, R.C., et al. Progesterone receptor assembly of a transcriptional complex along with activator protein 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and ErbB-2 governs breast cancer growth and predicts response to endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Res. 2013;15(6).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr3587