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Abstract:

Empirical evidence based on grazing exclusion at the scale of years to decades shows that grazing modifies carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. However, long-term effects at the scale of centuries are less known, yet highly relevant to understand local and global impacts of grazing. Additionally, most studies have focused on the isolated response of C and N, with little understanding of their interactions. Using CENTURY, a process-based biogeochemical model, we analyzed the impacts of 370 years of livestock grazing (i.e. long term, from early European colonization to present) in 11 sites across the Río de la Plata grasslands and compared them with those resulting from two decades of grazing (i.e. mid-term, typical exclosure experiment). In the long term, livestock grazing primarily altered the N cycle through faster N returns to the soil via urine and dung, which were offset by uninterrupted N outputs by volatilization and leaching. As a result, soil organic N decreased by -880 kg ha-1 or -19%. Higher N outputs (mainly as NH3) opened the N cycle, potentially decreasing N2 O and NOx emissions and increasing N depositions over the region. These greater outputs of N constrained C accumulation in soils, reducing soil organic C by -21 200 kg ha-1 (-22%, a reduction of -1.5 Pg of C for the whole region) and net primary production by -2192 kg ha-1 yr-1 (-24%). Mid-term simulations showed that the effects of livestock introduction in a decadal time scale were substantially different both in magnitude and direction from long-term responses. Long-term results were not substantially affected when atmospheric CO2 content, species composition and fire regime were changed within plausible ranges, but highlighted fire-grazing interactions as a major constraint of long-term C and N dynamics in these grasslands. © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Potential long-term impacts of livestock introduction on carbon and nitrogen cycling in grasslands of Southern South America
Autor:Piñeiro, G.; Paruelo, J.M.; Oesterheld, M.
Filiación:IFEVA, Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
Palabras clave:Ammonium; Atmospheric chemistry; Fire; Grazing; Plant production; Soil organic matter; Species composition; Temporalscales; atmospheric chemistry; carbon cycle; ecosystem dynamics; global change; grassland; grazing pressure; long-term change; net primary production; nitrogen cycle; soil organic matter; South America
Año:2006
Volumen:12
Número:7
Página de inicio:1267
Página de fin:1284
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01173.x
Título revista:Global Change Biology
Título revista abreviado:Global Change Biol.
ISSN:13541013
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_13541013_v12_n7_p1267_Pineiro

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Piñeiro, G., Paruelo, J.M. & Oesterheld, M. (2006) . Potential long-term impacts of livestock introduction on carbon and nitrogen cycling in grasslands of Southern South America. Global Change Biology, 12(7), 1267-1284.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01173.x
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Piñeiro, G., Paruelo, J.M., Oesterheld, M. "Potential long-term impacts of livestock introduction on carbon and nitrogen cycling in grasslands of Southern South America" . Global Change Biology 12, no. 7 (2006) : 1267-1284.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01173.x
---------- MLA ----------
Piñeiro, G., Paruelo, J.M., Oesterheld, M. "Potential long-term impacts of livestock introduction on carbon and nitrogen cycling in grasslands of Southern South America" . Global Change Biology, vol. 12, no. 7, 2006, pp. 1267-1284.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01173.x
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Piñeiro, G., Paruelo, J.M., Oesterheld, M. Potential long-term impacts of livestock introduction on carbon and nitrogen cycling in grasslands of Southern South America. Global Change Biol. 2006;12(7):1267-1284.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01173.x