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Abstract:

Gene expression is regulated by promoters, which initiate transcription, and enhancers, which control their temporal and spatial activity. However, the discovery that mammalian enhancers also initiate transcription questions the inherent differences between enhancers and promoters. Here, we investigate the transcriptional properties of enhancers during Drosophila embryogenesis using characterized developmental enhancers. We show that while the timing of enhancer transcription is generally correlated with enhancer activity, the levels and directionality of transcription are highly varied among active enhancers. To assess how this impacts function, we developed a dual transgenic assay to simultaneously measure enhancer and promoter activities from a single element in the same embryo. Extensive transgenic analysis revealed a relationship between the direction of endogenous transcription and the ability to function as an enhancer or promoter in vivo, although enhancer RNA (eRNA) production and activity are not always strictly coupled. Some enhancers (mainly bidirectional) can act as weak promoters, producing overlapping spatio–temporal expression. Conversely, bidirectional promoters often act as strong enhancers, while unidirectional promoters generally cannot. The balance between enhancer and promoter activity is generally reflected in the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription and is likely an inherent sequence property of the elements themselves. © 2018, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. All rights reserved.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:The degree of enhancer or promoter activity is reflected by the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription
Autor:Mikhaylichenko, O.; Bondarenko, V.; Harnett, D.; Schor, I.E.; Males, M.; Viales, R.R.; Furlong, E.E.M.
Filiación:Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, D-69117, Germany
Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Developmental enhancers; Embryonic development]; ERNA; NcRNA; Promoters; Spatio; Temporal expression; untranslated RNA; untranslated RNA; animal tissue; Article; controlled study; Drosophila; embryo; embryo development; enhancer region; nonhuman; priority journal; promoter region; RNA transcription; spatiotemporal analysis; animal; biosynthesis; embryo development; embryology; gene expression regulation; genetic transcription; genetics; human; K-562 cell line; Animals; Drosophila; Embryonic Development; Enhancer Elements, Genetic; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Humans; K562 Cells; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA, Untranslated; Transcription, Genetic
Año:2018
Volumen:32
Número:1
Página de inicio:42
Página de fin:57
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.308619.117
Título revista:Genes and Development
Título revista abreviado:Genes Dev.
ISSN:08909369
CODEN:GEDEE
CAS:RNA, Untranslated
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_08909369_v32_n1_p42_Mikhaylichenko

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Mikhaylichenko, O., Bondarenko, V., Harnett, D., Schor, I.E., Males, M., Viales, R.R. & Furlong, E.E.M. (2018) . The degree of enhancer or promoter activity is reflected by the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription. Genes and Development, 32(1), 42-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.308619.117
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Mikhaylichenko, O., Bondarenko, V., Harnett, D., Schor, I.E., Males, M., Viales, R.R., et al. "The degree of enhancer or promoter activity is reflected by the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription" . Genes and Development 32, no. 1 (2018) : 42-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.308619.117
---------- MLA ----------
Mikhaylichenko, O., Bondarenko, V., Harnett, D., Schor, I.E., Males, M., Viales, R.R., et al. "The degree of enhancer or promoter activity is reflected by the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription" . Genes and Development, vol. 32, no. 1, 2018, pp. 42-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.308619.117
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Mikhaylichenko, O., Bondarenko, V., Harnett, D., Schor, I.E., Males, M., Viales, R.R., et al. The degree of enhancer or promoter activity is reflected by the levels and directionality of eRNA transcription. Genes Dev. 2018;32(1):42-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.308619.117