Navegar

Colección

Datos Estadísticas

Artículo

El editor solo permite decargar el artículo en su versión post-print desde el repositorio. Por favor, si usted posee dicha versión, enviela a
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

The number of gravity wave (GW) activity climatologies in the stratosphere started to increase more than 10 years ago since the appearance of large amounts of limb and nadir satellite sounders data. There have been very few discussions regarding the adequate statistical description of GW activity in terms of a distribution function and its parameters. We put forward the question whether a general statistical functional representation adaptable to the characteristics of GW activity in diverse geographic regions and seasons exists. Here we approach this issue for two different types of limb sounders and in particular we try to find out which parameters may represent at best the climatological features. We study results for a region close to the Patagonian Andes and their prolongation in the Antarctic Peninsula, which is well-known for the generation by topography of intense stratospheric GW, specially during winter and spring. Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) records presently provide over 2000 profiles per day. We used 5 years of COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate) mission GPS RO data, which supplied almost 150,000 retrievals for our study. Three different distribution functions have been approached to describe the GW activity climatologies: gaussian, log-normal and gamma. The latter function has not been used in previous work. It has been shown here that it is a competitive option to the log-normal distribution. In addition, its use allows not only to quantify the GW activity level of each climatology in the stratosphere, but also to find out the number of significant modes that essentially determine it. Alternative parameters to the mean like the median may be used to characterize the climatologies. The use of the median may exhibit advantages in cases where the presence of spurious large GW activity measurements are suspected in GPS RO data. The mean is equally suitable to establish GW activity comparisons. As a priori we may not know if the above mentioned artifacts are present, in general it may be more appropriate to use the median. We perform a similar general study for data from the SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) limb instrument, as it is presently also used to obtain global GW climatologies in the stratosphere. Although the observational window and data processing features are not identical for both instruments, the results exhibit many similarities. © 2015 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Distribution functions and statistical parameters that may be used to characterize limb sounders gravity wave climatologies in the stratosphere
Autor:Alexander, P.; Luna, D.; De La Torre, A.; Schmidt, T.
Filiación:Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 1, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón 1, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Austral, Av. J. de Garay 125, Buenos Aires, 1063, Argentina
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Palabras clave:Gravity waves; Limb sounders; Statistical descriptions; Acoustic devices; Climatology; Data handling; Global positioning system; Gravity waves; Ionosphere; Normal distribution; Parameter estimation; Radiometry; Upper atmosphere; Constellation observing system for meteorology; Different distributions; Functional representation; Ionosphere and climates; Limb sounder; Log-normal distribution; Sounding of the atmosphere using broadband emission radiometry; Statistical descriptions; Distribution functions
Año:2015
Volumen:56
Número:4
Página de inicio:619
Página de fin:633
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2015.05.007
Título revista:Advances in Space Research
Título revista abreviado:Adv. Space Res.
ISSN:02731177
CODEN:ASRSD
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_02731177_v56_n4_p619_Alexander

Referencias:

  • Alexander, M.J., Teitelbaum, H., Three-dimensional properties of Andes mountain waves observed by satellite: A case study (2011) J. Geophys. Res., 116, p. D23110
  • Alexander, P., De La Torre, A., Llamedo, P., Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations (2008) J. Geophys. Res., 113, p. D16117
  • Alexander, M.J., Gille, J., Cavanaugh, C., Global estimates of gravity wave momentum flux from high resolution dynamics limb sounder observations (2008) J. Geophys. Res., 113, p. D15S18
  • Alexander, S.P., Klekociuk, A.R., Tsuda, T., Gravity wave and orographic wave activity observed around the Antarctic and Arctic stratospheric vortices by the COSMIC GPS-RO satellite constellation (2009) J. Geophys. Res., 114, p. D17103
  • Alexander, M.J., Geller, M., McLandress, C., Recent developments in gravity-wave effects in climate models and the global distribution of gravity-wave momentum flux from observations and models (2010) Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., (1103-1124), pp. 1103-1124
  • Alexander, P., Luna, D., Llamedo, P., De La Torre, A., A gravity waves study close to the Andes mountains in Patagonia and Antarctica with GPS radio occultation observations (2010) Ann. Geophys., 28, pp. 587-595
  • Alexander, S.P., Klekociuk, A.R., Pitts, M.C., McDonald, A.J., Arevalo-Torres, A., The effect of orographic gravity waves on Antarctic polar stratospheric cloud occurrence and composition (2011) J. Geophys. Res., 116, p. D06109
  • Allen, S.J., Vincent, R.A., Gravity wave activity in the lower atmosphere: Seasonal and latitudinal variations (1995) J. Geophys. Res., 100, pp. 1327-1350
  • Ao, C.O., Hajj, G.A., Ijima, B.A., Sensitivity of stratospheric retrievals from radio occultations on upper boundary conditions (2006) Atmosphere and Climate, pp. 17-26. , Springer Berlin
  • Baumgaertner, A., McDonald, A., A gravity wave climatology for Antarctica compiled from challenging minisatellite payload/global positioning system (CHAMP/GPS) radio occultations (2007) J. Geophys. Res., 112, p. D05103
  • De La Torre, A., Alexander, P., Gravity waves above Andesdetected from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles: Mountain forcing? (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, p. L17815
  • De La Torre, A., Giraldez, A., Alexander, P., Saturated gravity wave spectra measured with balloons in Mendoza (Argentina) (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, pp. 2039-2042
  • De La Torre, A., Alexander, P., Llamedo, P., Gravity waves above the Andes detected from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles: Jet mechanism? (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, p. L24810
  • De La Torre, A., Llamedo, P., Alexander, P., Estimated errors in a global gravity wave climatology from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles (2010) Adv. Space Res., 46, pp. 174-179
  • Eckermann, S.D., Preusse, P., Global measurements of stratospheric mountain waves from space (1999) Science, 286, pp. 1534-1537
  • Faber, A., Llamedo, P., Schmidt, T., De La Torre, A., Wickert, J., On the determination of gravity wave momentum flux from GPS radio occultation data (2013) Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, p. 31693180
  • Fritts, D.C., Alexander, M.J., Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere (2003) Rev. Geophys., 41, p. 1003
  • Gavrilov, N.M., Fukao, S., The MU radar measurements and modeling of the gravity wave climatology and sources in the atmosphere (1999) Adv. Space Res., 24, pp. 565-574
  • Gavrilov, N.M., Fukao, S., A comparison of seasonal variations of gravity wave intensity observed by the MU radar with a theoretical model (1999) J. Atmos. Sci., 56, pp. 3485-3494
  • Gavrilov, N.M., Fukao, S., Hydrodynamic tropospheric wave sources and their role in gravity wave climatology of the upper atmosphere from the MU radar observations (2001) J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 63, pp. 931-943
  • Hamming, R.W., (1998) Digital Filters, , third ed. Dover Publications Mineola, New York
  • Hei, H., Tsuda, T., Hirooka, T., Characteristics of atmospheric gravity wave activity in the polar regions revealed by GPS radio occultation data with CHAMP (2008) J. Geophys. Res., 113, p. D04107
  • Hertzog, A., Alexander, M.J., Plougonven, R., On the intermittency of gravity wave momentum flux in the stratosphere (2012) J. Atmos. Sci., 69, p. 34333448
  • Jiang, Q., Doyle, J.D., Reinecke, A., A modeling study of stratospheric waves over the southern andes and drake passage (2013) J. Atmos. Sci., 70, pp. 1668-1689
  • John, S.R., Kumar, K.K., TIMED/SABER observations of global gravity wave climatology and their interannual variability from stratosphere to mesosphere lower thermosphere (2012) Clim. Dyn., 39, p. 14891505
  • Johnson, N.L., Kotz, S., Balakrishnan, N., (1994) Continuous Univariate Distributions, 1. , second ed. Wiley New York
  • Kursinski, E.R., Hajj, G.A., Schofield, J.T., Observing Earths atmosphere with radio occultation measurement using the global positioning system (1997) J. Geophys. Res., 102, pp. 23429-23465
  • Kursinski, E.R., Hajj, G.A., Leroy, S.S., Herman, B., The GPS radio occultation technique (2000) Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 11, pp. 53-114
  • Liou, Y.-A., Pavelyev, A.G., Liu, S.-F., FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS radio occultation mission: Preliminary results (2007) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 45, pp. 3813-3826
  • Luna, D., Alexander, P., De La Torre, A., Evaluation of uncertainty in gravity wave potential energy calculations through GPS radio occultation measurements (2013) Adv. Space Res., 52, pp. 879-882
  • Marquardt, C., Healy, S., Measurement noise and stratospheric gravity wave characteristics obtained from GPS occultation data (2005) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 83, pp. 417-428
  • McDonald, A.J., Hertzog, A., Comparison of stratospheric measurements made by CHAMP radio occultation and Strateole/Vorcore in situ data (2008) Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, p. L11805
  • McDonald, A.J., Tan, B., Chu, X., Role of gravity waves in the spatial and temporal variability of stratospheric temperature measured by COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 and Rayleigh lidar observations (2010) J. Geophys. Res., 115, p. D19128
  • Mlynczak, M.G., Energetics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere and the SABER experiment (1997) Adv. Space Res., 20, p. 11771183
  • Moffat-Griffin, T., Jarvis, M.J., Colwell, S.R., Kavanagh, A.J., Manney, G.L., Daffer, W.H., Seasonal variations in lower stratospheric gravity wave energy above the Falkland Islands (2013) J. Geophys. Res., 118, pp. 10861-10869
  • Nastrom, G.D., Gage, K.S., A climatology of atmospheric wavenumber spectra of wind and temperature observed by commercial aircraft (1985) J. Atmos. Sci., 42, p. 950960
  • Plougonven, R., Hertzog, A., Guez, L., Gravity waves over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: Consistent momentum fluxes in mesoscale simulations and stratospheric balloon observations (2013) Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., pp. 101-118
  • Preusse, P., Eckermann, S.D., Offermann, D., Comparison of global distributions of zonal-mean gravity wave variance inferred from different satellite instruments (2000) Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, p. 38773880
  • Preusse, P., Eckermann, S.D., Ern, M., Transparency of the atmosphere to short horizontal wavelength gravity waves (2008) J. Geophys. Res., 113, p. D24104
  • Ratel, G., Median and weighted median as estimators for the key comparison reference value (KCRV) (2006) Metrologia, 43, pp. S244-S248
  • Sato, K., Satoshi, T., Watanabe, S., Gravity wave characteristics in the southern hemisphere revealed by a high-resolution middle-atmosphere general circulation model (2012) J. Atmos. Sci., 69, pp. 1378-1396
  • Sheather, S.J., Maritz, J.S., An estimate of the asymptotic standard error of the sample median (1983) Aust. J. Stat., 25, pp. 109-122
  • Sivakumar, V., Vishnu Prasanth, P., Kishore, P., Bencherif, H., Keckhut, P., Rayleigh LIDAR and satellite (HALOE, SABER, CHAMP and COSMIC) measurements of stratosphere-mesosphere temperature over a southern sub-tropical site, Reunion (20.8°S; 55.5°E): Climatology and comparison study (2011) Ann. Geophys., 29, pp. 649-662
  • Smith, S.E., Fritts, D.C., VanZandt, T.E., Evidence of saturated spectrum of atmospheric gravity waves (1987) J. Atmos. Sci., 44, p. 14041410
  • Uccellini, L.W., Koch, S.E., The synoptic setting and possible energy sources for mesoscale wave disturbances (1987) Mon. Weather Rev., 115, pp. 721-729
  • Von Storch, H., Zwiers, F.W., (2003) Statistical Analysis in Climate Research, , Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK
  • Wang, L., Alexander, M.J., Global estimates of gravity wave parameters from GPS radio occultation temperature data (2010) J. Geophys. Res., 115, p. D21122
  • Wilson, R., Chanin, M.L., Hauchecarne, A., Gravity waves in the middle atmosphere observed by Rayleigh lidar 1. Case studies (1991) J. Geophys. Res., 96, pp. 5153-5167
  • Wright, C.J., Rivas, M.B., Gille, J.C., Intercomparisons of HIRDLS, COSMIC and SABER for the detection of stratospheric gravity waves (2011) Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, pp. 1581-1591
  • Wu, D.L., Preusse, P., Eckermann, S.D., Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques (2006) Adv. Space Res., 37, p. 22692277
  • Yan, X., Arnold, N., Remedios, J., Global observations of gravity waves from high resolution dynamics limb sounder temperature measurements: A yearlong record of temperature amplitude and vertical wavelength (2010) J. Geophys. Res., 115, p. D10113

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Alexander, P., Luna, D., De La Torre, A. & Schmidt, T. (2015) . Distribution functions and statistical parameters that may be used to characterize limb sounders gravity wave climatologies in the stratosphere. Advances in Space Research, 56(4), 619-633.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2015.05.007
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Alexander, P., Luna, D., De La Torre, A., Schmidt, T. "Distribution functions and statistical parameters that may be used to characterize limb sounders gravity wave climatologies in the stratosphere" . Advances in Space Research 56, no. 4 (2015) : 619-633.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2015.05.007
---------- MLA ----------
Alexander, P., Luna, D., De La Torre, A., Schmidt, T. "Distribution functions and statistical parameters that may be used to characterize limb sounders gravity wave climatologies in the stratosphere" . Advances in Space Research, vol. 56, no. 4, 2015, pp. 619-633.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2015.05.007
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Alexander, P., Luna, D., De La Torre, A., Schmidt, T. Distribution functions and statistical parameters that may be used to characterize limb sounders gravity wave climatologies in the stratosphere. Adv. Space Res. 2015;56(4):619-633.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2015.05.007