Navegar

Colección

Datos Estadísticas

Artículo

Este artículo es de Acceso Abierto y puede ser descargado en su versión final desde nuestro repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

The horizontal averaging of global positioning system radio occultation retrievals produces an amplitude attenuation and phase shift in any plane gravity wave, which may lead to significant discrepancies with respect to the original values. In addition, wavelengths cannot be straightforwardly inferred due to the observational characteristics. If the waves produce small departures from spherical symmetry in the background atmosphere and under the assumption that the refractivity kernel may be represented by a delta function, an analytical expression may be derived in order to find how the retrieved amplitudes become weakened (against the original ones). In Particular, we study the range of waves that may be detected and the consequent reduction in variance calculation, which is found to be around 19%. A larger discrepancy was obtained when comparing an occultation variance with the one computed from a numerical simulation of that case. Wave amplitudes can be better resolved when the fronts are nearly horizontal or when the angle between the occultation line of sight and the horizontal component of the wave vector approaches π/2. Short horizontal scale waves have a high probability of becoming attenuated or of not being detected at all. We then find geometrical relations in terms of the relative orientation between waves and sounding, so, as to appropriately interpret wavelengths extracted from the acquired data. Only inertio-gravity waves, which exhibit nearly horizontal fronts, will show small differences between detected and original vertical wavelengths. Last, we analyze the retrieval effect on wave phase and find a shift between original and detected wave that generally is nonzero and approaches π /4 for the largest horizontal wavelengths. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations
Autor:Alexander, P.; de la Torre, A.; Llamedo, P.
Filiación:Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Computer simulation; Global positioning system; Gravity waves; Radio waves; Wavefronts; amplitude; computer simulation; GPS; gravity wave; refractive index; spherical harmonics; wavelength; numerical model; variance analysis; wave propagation; Computer simulation; Global positioning system; Gravity waves; Hydrodynamics; Waves; Analytical expressions; Delta functions; Geometrical relations; High probability; Line of Sight; Numerical simulation; Radio occultations; Relative orientation; Spherical symmetry; Wave amplitudes; Wave phase; Wave vector; Gravitational effects
Año:2008
Volumen:113
Número:16
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009390
Título revista:Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
Título revista abreviado:J. Geophys. Res. D Atmos.
ISSN:01480227
PDF:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/download/paper/paper_01480227_v113_n16_p_Alexander.pdf
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_01480227_v113_n16_p_Alexander

Referencias:

  • Ahmad, B., Tyler, G.L., The two-dimensional resolution kernel associated with retrieval of ionospheric and atmospheric refractivity profiles by Abelian inversion of radio occultation phase data (1998) Radio Sci, 33, pp. 129-142
  • Alexander, M.J., Interpretations of observed climatological patterns in stratospheric gravitywave variance (1998) J. Geophys. Res, 103, pp. 8627-8640
  • Belloul, M.B., Hauchecome, A., Effect of periodic horizontal gradients on the retrieval of atmospheric profiles from occultation measurements (1997) Radio Sci, 32, pp. 469-478
  • de la Torre, A., Alexander, P., The interpretation of wavelengths and periods as measured from atmospheric balloons (1995) J. Appl. Meteorol, 34, pp. 2747-2754
  • de la Torre, A., Alexander, P., Gravity waves above Andes detected from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles: Mountain forcing? (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett, 32, pp. L17815. , doi:10.1029/ 2005GL022959
  • de la Torre, A., Alexander, P., Llamedo, P., Menéndez, C., Schmidt, T., Wickert, J., Gravity waves above the Andes detected from GPS radio occultation temperature profiles: Jet mechanism? (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, pp. L24810. , doi:10.1029/2006GL027343
  • de la Torre, A., Schmidt, T., Wickert, J., A global analysis of wave potential energy in the lower stratosphere derived from 5 years of GPS radio occultation data with CHAMP (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, pp. L24809. , doi:10.1029/2006GL027696
  • Eckermann, S.D., Gibson-Wilde, D.E., Bacmeister, J.T., Gravity wave perturbations of minor constituents: A parcel advection methodology (1998) J. Atmos. Sci, 55, pp. 3521-3539
  • Fjeldbo, G., Kliore, A.J., Eshleman, V.R., The neutral atmosphere of Venus as studied with the Mariner V radio occultation experiments (1971) Astron. J, 76, pp. 123-140
  • Fritts, D.C., Alexander, J., Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere (2003) Rev. Geophys, 41 (1), p. 1003. , doi:10.1029/2001RG000106
  • Gorbunov, M.E., Solution of inverse problems of remote atmospheric refractometry on limb paths (1990) Izv. Russ. Acad. Sci. Atmos. Ocean. Phys., Engl. Transl, 26, pp. 86-91
  • Gradshteyn, I.S., Ryzhik, I.M., (1965) Table of Integrals, Series and Products, , Elsevier, New York
  • Hamming, R.W., (1998) Digital Filters, , 3rd ed, Dover Publications, Mineola, New York
  • Kuo, Y.-H., Wee, T.-K., Sokolovskiy, S., Rocken, C., Schreiner, W., Hunt, D., Anthes, R., Inversion and error estimation of GPS radio occultation data (2004) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn, 82, pp. 507-531
  • Kursinski, E.R., Hajj, G.A., Hardy, K.R., Schofield, J.T., Linfield, R., Observing Earth's atmosphere with radio occultation measurements using the Global Positioning System (1997) J. Geophys. Res, 102, pp. 23,429-23,465
  • Lange, M., Jacobi, C., Analysis of gravity waves from radio occultation measurements (2003) First CHAMP Mission Results for Gravity, Magnetic and Atmospheric Studies, pp. 479-484. , edited by C. Reighber, H. Lühr, and P. Schwintzer, pp, Springer, New York
  • Liou, Y. A., A, G. Pavelyev, J. Wickert, S. F. Liu, A. A. Pavelyev, T. Schmidt, and K. Igarashi (2006), Application of GPS radio occultation method for observation of the internal waves in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D06104, doi:10.1029/2005JD005823; Lusignan, B., Modrell, G., Morrison, A., Pomalaza, J., Ungar, S.G., Sensing the Earth's atmosphere with occultation satellites (1969) Proc. IEEE, 4, pp. 458-467
  • Marquardt, C., Healy, S.B., Measurement noise and stratospheric gravity wave characteristics obtained from GPS occultation data (2005) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn, 83, pp. 417-428
  • Preusse, P., Space-based measurements of stratospheric mountain waves by CRISTA: 1. Sensitivity, analysis method, and a case study (2002) J. Geophys. Res, 107 (D23), p. 8178. , doi:10.1029/2001JD000699
  • Ratnam, M.V., Tetzlaff, M., Jacobi, C., Global and seasonal variations of stratospheric gravity wave activity deduced from the CHAMP/ GPS satellite (2004) J. Atmos. Sci, 61, pp. 1610-1620
  • Rieder, M.J., Kirchengast, G., Error analysis and characterization of atmospheric profiles retrieved from GNSS occultation data (2001) J. Geophys. Res, 106, pp. 31,755-31,770
  • Schreiner, W., Rocken, C., Sokolovskiy, S., Syndergaard, S., Hunt, D., Estimates of the precision of GPS radio occultations from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett, 34, pp. L04808. , doi:10.1029/2006GL027557
  • Tsuda, T., Nishida, M., Rocken, C., Ware, R.H., A global morphology of gravity wave activity in the stratosphere revealed by the GPS occultation data (GPS/MET) (2000) J. Geophys. Res, 105, pp. 7257-7273
  • Wu, D.L., Waters, J.W., Satellite observations of atmospheric variances: A possible indication of gravity waves (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett, 23, pp. 3631-3634
  • Wu, D.L., Zhang, F., A study of mesoscale gravity waves over the North Atlantic with satellite observations and a mesoscale model (2004) J. Geophys. Res, 109, pp. D22104. , doi:10.1029/2004JD005090
  • Wu, D.L., Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques (2006) Adv. Space Res, 37, pp. 2269-2277
  • Yunck, T.P., An overview of atmospheric radio occultation (2002) J. Global Positioning Syst, 1, pp. 58-60

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Alexander, P., de la Torre, A. & Llamedo, P. (2008) . Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 113(16).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009390
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Alexander, P., de la Torre, A., Llamedo, P. "Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations" . Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 113, no. 16 (2008).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009390
---------- MLA ----------
Alexander, P., de la Torre, A., Llamedo, P. "Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations" . Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, vol. 113, no. 16, 2008.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009390
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Alexander, P., de la Torre, A., Llamedo, P. Interpretation of gravity wave signatures in GPS radio occultations. J. Geophys. Res. D Atmos. 2008;113(16).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009390