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Abstract:

In this study, the cholinesterase (ChE) and carboxylesterase (CES) activities present in whole organism homogenates from Planorbarius corneus and their in vitro sensitivity to organophosphorous (OP) pesticides were studied. Firstly, a characterization of ChE and CES activities using different substrates and selective inhibitors was performed. Secondly, the effects of azinphos-methyl oxon (AZM-oxon) and chlorpyrifos oxon (CPF-oxon), the active oxygen analogs of the OP insecticides AZM and CPF, on ChE and CES activities were evaluated. Finally, it was analyzed whether binary mixtures of the pesticide oxons cause additive, antagonistic or synergistic ChE inhibition in P. corneus homogenates. The results showed that the extracts of P. corneus preferentially hydrolyzed acetylthiocholine (AcSCh) over propionylthiocholine (PrSCh) and butyrylthiocholine (BuSCh). Besides, AcSCh hydrolyzing activity was inhibited by low concentrations of BW284c51, a selective inhibitor of AChE activity, and also by high concentrations of substrate. These facts suggest the presence of a typical AChE activity in this species. However, the different dose-response curves observed with BW284c51 when using PrSCh or BuSCh instead of AcSCh suggest the presence of at least another ChE activity. This would probably correspond to an atypical BuChE. Regarding CES activity, the highest specific activity was obtained when using 2-naphthyl acetate (2-NA), followed by 1-naphthyl acetate (1-NA); p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA), and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB). The comparison of the IC50 values revealed that, regardless of the substrate used, CES activity was approximately one order of magnitude more sensitive to AZM-oxon than ChE activity. Although ChE activity was very sensitive to CPF-oxon, CES activity measured with 1-NA, 2-NA, and p-NPA was poorly inhibited by this pesticide. In contrast, CES activity measured with p-NPB was equally sensitive to CPF-oxon than ChE activity. Several specific binary combinations of AZM-oxon and CPF-oxon caused a synergistic effect on the ChE inhibition in P. corneus homogenates. The degree of synergism tended to increase as the ratio of AZM-oxon to CPF-oxon decreased. These results suggest that synergism is likely to occur in P. corneus snails exposed in vivo to binary mixtures of the OPs AZM and CPF. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus
Autor:Cacciatore, L.C.; Kristoff, G.; Verrengia Guerrero, N.R.; Cochón, A.C.
Filiación:Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Nuñez, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Carboxylesterase; Cholinesterase; Invertebrate; Mixtures; Pesticides; Active oxygen; Azinphosmethyl; Binary combinations; Carboxylesterases; Chlorpyrifos-oxon; Cholinesterase; Cholinesterase inhibition; Different substrates; Dose-response curves; High concentration; Hydrolyzing activity; In-vitro; In-vivo; Invertebrate; Low concentrations; Organophosphorous; P-nitrophenyl acetate; Selective inhibitors; Specific activity; Synergistic effect; Hydrolysis; Ionization of gases; Mixtures; Naphthalene; Pesticides; Substrates; Volatile fatty acids; Binary mixtures; 1 naphthyl acetate; 1,5 bis(4 allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan 3 one dibromide; 2 naphthyl acetate; 4 nitrophenyl acetate; acetylthiocholine; butyric acid 4 nitrophenyl ester; cholinesterase; insecticide; pesticide; unclassified drug; acetate; antagonism; concentration (composition); dose-response relationship; enzyme activity; inhibition; inhibitor; insecticide; oxygen; snail; animal experiment; animal tissue; article; concentration (parameters); dose response; enzyme inhibition; enzyme substrate; homogenate; hydrolysis; IC 50; in vitro study; nonhuman; Planorabarius corneus; snail; Acanthaceae; Azinphosmethyl; Carboxylesterase; Chlorpyrifos; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases; Drug Synergism; Oxygen; Pesticides; Gastropoda; Invertebrata; Planorbarius corneus
Año:2012
Volumen:88
Número:4
Página de inicio:450
Página de fin:458
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.069
Título revista:Chemosphere
Título revista abreviado:Chemosphere
ISSN:00456535
CODEN:CMSHA
CAS:1 naphthyl acetate, 830-81-9; 1,5 bis(4 allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan 3 one dibromide, 402-40-4; 4 nitrophenyl acetate, 830-03-5; acetylthiocholine, 1797-69-9, 4468-05-7; butyric acid 4 nitrophenyl ester, 2635-84-9; cholinesterase, 9001-08-5; Azinphosmethyl, 86-50-0; Carboxylesterase, 3.1.1.1; Chlorpyrifos, 2921-88-2; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinesterases, 3.1.1.8; Oxygen, 7782-44-7; Pesticides
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00456535_v88_n4_p450_Cacciatore

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Cacciatore, L.C., Kristoff, G., Verrengia Guerrero, N.R. & Cochón, A.C. (2012) . Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus. Chemosphere, 88(4), 450-458.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.069
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Cacciatore, L.C., Kristoff, G., Verrengia Guerrero, N.R., Cochón, A.C. "Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus" . Chemosphere 88, no. 4 (2012) : 450-458.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.069
---------- MLA ----------
Cacciatore, L.C., Kristoff, G., Verrengia Guerrero, N.R., Cochón, A.C. "Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus" . Chemosphere, vol. 88, no. 4, 2012, pp. 450-458.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.069
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Cacciatore, L.C., Kristoff, G., Verrengia Guerrero, N.R., Cochón, A.C. Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus. Chemosphere. 2012;88(4):450-458.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.069