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Referencias:

• Balsells, Frasca, (1983) Tetrahedron, 39, pp. 33-39
• Zelent, Durocher, (1981) J. Org. Chem., 46, p. 1496. , Carbazole was previously irradiated by, They found that the main products obtained from the photochemical reaction of carbazole with CCl4 in EtOH as a solvent were 1-(carboethoxy) carbazole and 3-(carboethoxy) carbazole whereas in 3-methylpentane solution n-(trichloroethylene) carbazole was obtained
• Experimental Conditions. The carbazoles(100 mg) were irradiated in CH2Cl2 solns (100 ml) in quarz Erlenmeyer flasks(125 ml) with stirring. The light source was a high-pressure Hg lamp (Hanau-Quarzlampen G.m.b.H, TQ 150) which was placed 10 cm from the flasks and the irradiation time was 18h.The residue obtained by evaporation of the solvent was chromatographed on a neutral aluminum oxide column. Benzene and benzene-petroleum ether mixtures were used as eluents. The products obtained were identified from their m.p.; U.V.; I.R.; M.S.; 1H-NMR and GC/M.S. (carried out on a column of 3% OV-101, 6 ft x 1,6 mm; on 60–80 mesh diatomite W). The Cl− and (Cl2CH)2 were characterized by the AgNO3/HNO3 test and by GC/M.S. (carried out on a PORAPAK-Q column, 4 ft x 2 mm on 80–100 mesh) respectively.Irradiations in other solvents [[Truncated]]; bis(9-Carbazl)methane (I) (yield 10%), colorless needles from benzene, m.p. 290–291°. 1H-NMR (100 MHz; DMSO-d6; TMS) δ H4-H5 and H4′-H5′, 8.18 (d, J 8 Hz); H1, H8 and H1′, H8′, 7.66 (d, J 8 Hz); H2-H3, H6-H7 and H2′-H3′, H6′-H7′, 7.29 (m); CH2 7.12 (s); M.S. m/z(%) 347(7); 346(M+., 28); 181(14); 180(100); 179(10); 178(6); 173(12); 167(23); 166(10); 152(17); 151(6); 140(10); 139(8); 73(6); 63(5); 51(5); 44(7); Stevens, Tucker, (1923) J. Chem. Soc., 123, p. 2140. , 9-Methylcarbazole (II) (yield 3%), 9-ethylcarbazole (III) (yield 2%) and 3-chlorocarbazole (IV) (yield 35%) have been previously recorded in the literature
• Mazzara, Lamberti-Zanardi, (1896) Gazz. Chim. Italiana, 26, p. 236. , and they were characterized by their m.p., M.S. and 1H-NMR spectra
• Bard, Ledwith, Shine, (1976) Advances in Phys. Org. Chem., 13, p. 155
• It is noteworthy that the M.S. of I, II and III show a very important peak at m/z 180, corresponding to the cation A. It would indicate that this is a very stable structure; Klein, Plazanet, Laustriat, (1970) J. Chim. Phys., 67, p. 302
• Mazzara, Lamberti-Zanardi, (1896) Gazz. Chim. Italiana, 26, p. 236. , 9,9′-bis(3,6-diChlorocarbazyl) (V) (yield 12%), colorless plates from benzene-EtOH, m.p. 240–242° (lit 243–245°), 1H-NMR (100 MHz; DMSO-d6; TMS) δ H4-H5 and H4′,-H5′, 8.59 (d, J 2 Hz); H2, H7 and H2′, H7′, 7.45 (dd, J 2 and 8 Hz); H1, H8 and H1′, H8′, 6.95 (d, J 8 Hz). M.S. m/z(%) 472(12); 471(6); 470(24); 468(19); 238(20); 237(20); 236(92); 235(33); 234(100); 200(10); 199(8); 198(12); 164(28); 84(21); 66(28)
• Favini, Gamba, (1968) Gazz. Chim. Italiana, p. 627
• Rosenkranz, Winkler-Lardelli, Hansen, Schmid, Oxydative Kupplung von Indolinen und 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrochinolinen mit Kaliumpermanganat. 153. Mitteilung �ber Alkaloide (1974) Helvetica Chimica Acta, 57, p. 887
• Perkin, Jr., Tucker, (1921) J. Chem. Soc., p. 119. , 9,9′bisCarbazyl (VI) (yield 10%), colorless plates from benzene, m.p. 224–225° (lit 225°), 1H-NMR (100 MHz; Cl3CD; TMS) δ H4-H5 and H4′-H5′ 8.17 (dd, J 2 and 8 Hz); H2-H3, H6-H7 and H2′-H3′, H6′-H7′ 7.29 (m); H1, H8 and H1′, H8′, 6.87 (dd, J 2 and 8 Hz). M.S. m/z(%) 333(11); 332(41); 331(7); 167(9); 166(100); 140(19); 139(15); 138(5); 115(4), 83(5); 76(3); 65(3); 63(5)

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