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Abstract:

Damping of is a frequent disease that kills seedlings. Cultural and biological controls are the only tools in organic crops to manage this disease, and only empirical information is available on the efficiency of plant preparations. This work evaluates the effects of fermented onion decoctions on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii and disease incidence. Broth (B) and sterilized broth (SB) were respectively obtained by boiling chopped yellow onions in water, and incubating for 14 days at room temperature, with or without subsequent sterilization. Te pathogens were grown on potato dextrose agar supplemented with B and SB, diluted at 1.7, 3.3, 8.3, 16.7 and 25% (v/v). Their growth was reduced by B at 8.3, 16.7 and 25%. Production of sclerotia by S. rolfsii was diminished by B, but stimulated by SB. Penicillium purpurogenum, P. simplicissimum and Aspergillus niger obtained from B behaved as antagonistic against both pathogens, showing antibiosis, competition and hyperparasit-ism in dual confrontations with them. Broth and SB at 10 and 50% dilutions were sprayed on chard (Beta vulgaris), tomato (Solanum ly-copersicum), pepper (Capsicum annuum) and eggplant (Solanum mel-ongena) seedlings cultivated in pathogen-colonized soil. Damping of incidence in the B treatment at 50% dilution was markedly lower than that in SB. It is concluded that B antifungal activity depends on its dilution and mycota. Broth sprays should be considered as a tool to control damping of in low-environment-impact crop production. Further studies are needed for a complete understanding of B chemical and microbiological components, as well as their changes during fermentation.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:Control of seedling damping of caused by rhizoctonia solani and sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths
Autor:Rivera, M.C.; Wright, E.R.; Fabrizio, M.C.; Freixá, G.; Cabalini, R.; Lopez, S.E.
Filiación:Cátedra de Fitopatología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria (1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Palabras clave:Damping of; Fungi; Onion broth; Rhizoctonia solani; Sclerotium rolfsii
Año:2013
Volumen:82
Página de inicio:227
Página de fin:234
Título revista:Phyton
Título revista abreviado:Phyton
ISSN:00319457
CODEN:PHYBA
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319457_v82_n_p227_Rivera

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Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Rivera, M.C., Wright, E.R., Fabrizio, M.C., Freixá, G., Cabalini, R. & Lopez, S.E. (2013) . Control of seedling damping of caused by rhizoctonia solani and sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths . Phyton, 82, 227-234.
Recuperado de https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319457_v82_n_p227_Rivera [ ]
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Rivera, M.C., Wright, E.R., Fabrizio, M.C., Freixá, G., Cabalini, R., Lopez, S.E. "Control of seedling damping of caused by rhizoctonia solani and sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths " . Phyton 82 (2013) : 227-234.
Recuperado de https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319457_v82_n_p227_Rivera [ ]
---------- MLA ----------
Rivera, M.C., Wright, E.R., Fabrizio, M.C., Freixá, G., Cabalini, R., Lopez, S.E. "Control of seedling damping of caused by rhizoctonia solani and sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths " . Phyton, vol. 82, 2013, pp. 227-234.
Recuperado de https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319457_v82_n_p227_Rivera [ ]
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Rivera, M.C., Wright, E.R., Fabrizio, M.C., Freixá, G., Cabalini, R., Lopez, S.E. Control of seedling damping of caused by rhizoctonia solani and sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths . Phyton. 2013;82:227-234.
Available from: https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319457_v82_n_p227_Rivera [ ]