Artículo

Prezzi, C.B.; Götze, H.-J.; Schmidt, S. "3D density model of the Central Andes" (2009) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. 177(3-4):217-234
Estamos trabajando para incorporar este artículo al repositorio
Consulte el artículo en la página del editor
Consulte la política de Acceso Abierto del editor

Abstract:

We developed a 3D density model of the continental crust, the subducted plate and the upper mantle of the Central Andes between 20-29°S and 74-61°W through the forward modelling of Bouguer anomaly. The goal of this contribution is to gain insight on the lithospheric structure integrating the available information (geophysical, geologic, petrologic, and geochemical) in a single model. The geometry of our model is defined and constrained by hypocentre location, reflection and refraction on and offshore seismic lines, travel time and attenuation tomography, receiver function analysis, magnetotelluric studies, thermal models and balanced structural cross-sections. The densities allocated to the different bodies are calculated considering petrologic and geochemical data and pressure and temperature conditions. The model consists of 31 parallel E-W vertical planes, where the continental crust comprises distinct bodies, which represent the different morphotectonic units of the Central Andes. We include a partial melting zone at midcrustal depths under the Altiplano-Puna (low-velocity zone) and consider the presence of a rheologically strong block beneath the Salar de Atacama basin, according to recent seismic studies. Contour maps of the depth of the continental Moho, the thickness of the lower crust and the depth to the bottom of the lithosphere below South America are produced. The possible percentage of partial melt in the Central Andes low-velocity zone is estimated. The residual anomaly is calculated by subtracting from the Bouguer anomaly the gravimetric effect of the modelled subducted slab and of the modelled Moho. Isostatic anomalies are calculated from regional and local isostatic Mohos calculated with and without internal loads, derived from our gravity model, which are then compared to the modelled continental Moho. This study contributes to a more detailed knowledge of the lithospheric structure of this region of the Andes and provides an integrated 3D density model, which may be used by the geoscientific community as a tool that can help to understand and interpret the geodynamic features and processes acting along the Central Andes. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Registro:

Documento: Artículo
Título:3D density model of the Central Andes
Autor:Prezzi, C.B.; Götze, H.-J.; Schmidt, S.
Filiación:CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, INGEODAV, Pabellón 2, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Institut für Geowissenschaften, Abteilung Geophysik, Christian Albrechts Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
Palabras clave:3D density model; Central Andes; Gravity; Lithospheric structure; Atacama; Attenuation tomography; Bouguer anomaly; Central Andes; Continental crusts; Contour map; Density models; Forward modelling; Gain insight; Geochemical data; Gravity model; Hypocentre; Internal loads; Lithospheric structure; Low-velocity zone; Lower crust; Magnetotelluric studies; Partial melt; Partial melting; Pressure and temperature; Receiver function analysis; Seismic lines; Seismic studies; South America; Thermal model; Travel time; Upper mantle; Vertical plane; Analytical geochemistry; Seismology; Structural geology; Tomography; Three dimensional; Bouguer anomaly; continental crust; crustal thickness; geodynamics; gravity field; lithospheric structure; lower crust; Moho; P-T conditions; partial melting; seismotectonics; subduction zone; tectonic plate; tectonic setting; three-dimensional modeling; upper mantle; Altiplano; Andes; Puna; South America
Año:2009
Volumen:177
Número:3-4
Página de inicio:217
Página de fin:234
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.09.004
Título revista:Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors
Título revista abreviado:Phys. Earth Planet. Inter.
ISSN:00319201
Registro:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319201_v177_n3-4_p217_Prezzi

Referencias:

  • Allmendinger, R., Jordan, T., Kay, S., Isacks, B., The evolution of the Altiplano-Puna plateau of the Central Andes (1997) Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, 25, pp. 39-174
  • Allmendinger, R., Zapata, T., The footwall ramp of the Subandean decollement, northernmost Argentina, from extended correlation of seismic reflection data (2000) Tectonophysics, 321, pp. 37-55
  • Seismic imaging of a convergent continental margin and plateau in the Central Andes (Andean Continental Research Project 1996 (ANCORP 96)) (2003) Journal of Geophysical Research, 108. , ANCORP-Working-Group 10.1029/2002JB001771
  • Andersen, O., Knudsen, P., Global marine gravity field from the ERS-1 and GEOSAT geodetic mission altimetry (1998) Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, pp. 8129-8137
  • Babeyko, A., Sobolev, S., Trumbull, R., Oncken, O., Lavier, L., Numerical models of crustal scale convection and partial melting beneath the Altiplano-Puna plateau (2002) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 199, pp. 373-388
  • Bassin, C., Laske, G., Masters, T., The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America (2000) EOS Transactions AGU, 81, pp. F897
  • Baumont, D., Paul, A., Zandt, G., Beck, S., Lateral variations of the Moho geometry beneath the Central Andes based on Pn travel time inversion and comparison with the receiver functions (2001) Geophysical Research Letters, 28, pp. 1663-1666
  • Beck, S., Zandt, G., The nature of orogenic crust in the Central Andes (2002) Journal of Geophysical Research, 107. , 10.1029/2000JB000124
  • Belmonte, A., (2002) Krustale Seismizität, Struktur und Rheologie der Oberplatte zwischen der Präkordillere und dem magmatischen Bogen in Nordchile (22°-24°S), , Ph. D. Thesis. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin
  • Bock, G., Schurr, B., Asch, G., High-resolution image of the oceanic Moho in the subducting Nazca plate from P-S converted waves (2000) Geophysical Research Letters, 27, pp. 3929-3932
  • Booker, J., Favetto, A., Pomposiello, M., Low electrical resistivity associated with plunging of the Nazca flat slab beneath Argentina (2004) Nature, 429, pp. 399-403
  • Bostock, M., Hyndman, R., Rondenay, S., Peacock, S., An inverted continental Moho and serpentinization of the forearc mantle (2002) Nature, 417, pp. 536-538
  • Brasse, H., Lezaeta, P., Rath, V., Schwalenberg, K., Soyer, W., Haak, V., The Bolivian Altiplano conductivity anomaly (2002) Journal of Geophysical Research, 107. , 10.1029/2001JB000391
  • Breunig, M., Cremers, A., Götze, H.-J., Seidemann, R., Schmidt, S., Shumilov, S., Siehl, A., Geologic mapping based on 3D models using an interoperable GIS (2000) Geo-Information-Systems Journal of Spatial Information and Decision Making, 13, pp. 12-18
  • Carlson, R., Miller, D., Mantle wedge water contents estimated from seismic velocities in partially serpentinized peridotites (2003) Geophysical Research Letters, 30. , 10.1029/2002GL016600
  • Chmielowski, J., Zandt, G., Haberland, C., The Central Andean Altiplano-Puna magma body (1999) Geophysical Research Letters, 26, pp. 783-786
  • Christensen, N., Mooney, W., Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust: a global view (1995) Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, pp. 9761-9788
  • Coira, B., Kay, S., Implications of Quaternary volcanism at Cerro Tuzgle for crustal and mantle evolution of the Puna Plateau, Central Andes (1993) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 113, pp. 40-58
  • Coira, B., Davidson, J., Mpodozis, C., Ramos, V., Tectonic and magmatic evolution of the Andes of northern Argentina and Chile (1982) Earth Science Review, 18, pp. 303-332
  • Cristallini, E., Cominguez, A., Ramos, V., Deep structure of the Metán-Guachipas region: tectonic inversion in north-western Argentina (1997) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 10, pp. 403-421
  • de Silva, S., Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex of the Central Andes (1989) Geology, 17, pp. 1102-1106
  • de Silva, S., Zandt, G., Trumbull, R., Viramonte, J., Salas, G., Jiménez, M., Large-scale silicic volcanism in the Central Andes-a tectonomagmatic perspective (2006) Mechanisms of Activity and Unrest at Large Calderas, 269, pp. 47-63. , Troise C., de Natale G., and Kilburn C. (Eds), Geological Society of London Special Publication
  • Echternacht, F., Tauber, S., Eisel, M., Brasse, H., Schwarz, G., Haak, V., Electromagnetic study of the active continental margin in northern Chile (1997) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 102, pp. 69-87
  • Engdahl, R., van der Hilst, R., Buland, R., Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved travel times and procedures for depth determination (1998) Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88, pp. 722-743
  • Fromm, R., Zandt, G., Beck, S., Crustal thickness beneath the Andes and Sierras Pampeanas at 30°S inferred from Pn apparent phase velocities (2004) Geophysical Research Letters, 31. , 10.1029/2003GL019231
  • Gangui, A., 1998. A combined structural interpretation based on seismic data and 3-D gravity modelling in the Northern Puna/Eastern Cordillera Oriental, Argentina. Ph. D. Thesis. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin; Giambiagi, L., Ramos, V., Structural evolution of the Andes between 33°30′ and 33°45′ S, above the transition zone between the flat and normal subduction segment, Argentina and Chile (2002) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 15, pp. 99-114
  • Giese, P., Scheuber, E., Schilling, F., Schmitz, M., Wigger, P., Crustal thickening processes in the Central Andes and the different natures of the Moho-discontinuity (1999) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 12, pp. 201-220
  • Götze, H.-J., (1984) Über den Einsatz interaktiver Computergraphik im Rahmen 3-dimensionaler Interpretationstechniken in Gravimetrie und Magnetik, , Habilitationsschrift. Technische Universität Clausthal, Clausthal
  • Götze, H.-J., Kirchner, A., Interpretation of Gravity and Geoid in the Central Andes between 20° and 29°S (1997) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 10, pp. 179-188
  • Götze, H.-J., Lahmeyer, B., Schmidt, S., Strunk, S., Araneda, M., Central Andes gravity data base (1990) Eos, 71, pp. 401-407
  • Graeber, F., Asch, G., Three-dimensional models of P wave velocity and P-to-S velocity ratio in the southern Central Andes by simultaneous inversion of local earthquake data (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, pp. 20237-20256
  • Hacker, B., Abers, G., Peacock, S., Subduction factory 1: theoretical mineralogy, density, seismic wave speeds, and H 2 O content (2003) Journal of Geophysical Research, 108. , 10.1029/2001JB001127
  • Hacker, B., Abers, G., Subduction factory 3: an excel worksheet and macro for calculating the densities, seismic wave speeds, and H 2 O contents of minerals and rocks at pressure and temperature (2004) Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 5, pp. Q01005. , 10.1029/2003GC000614
  • Hamza, V., Muñoz, M., Heat flow map of South America (1996) Geothermics, 25, pp. 599-646
  • Hamza, V., Silva Dias, F., Gomes, A., Delgadilho Terceros, Z., Numerical and functional representations of regional heat flow in South America (2005) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 152, pp. 223-256
  • Heinsohn, W.-D., Druck und Temperaturabhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeit-Dichte Relation für extrem grosse Krustenmächtigkeiten (1993) Berliner Geowissenschaften Abhandlungen B, 20, pp. 131-226
  • Heit, B., 2005. Teleseismic tomographic images of the Central Andes at 21°S and 25.5°S: an inside look at the Altiplano and Puna plateaus. Ph. D. Thesis. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin; Heit, B., Koulakov, G., Asch, G., Yuan, X., Kind, R., Alcocer-Rodriguez, I., Tawackoli, S., Wilke, H., More constraints to determine the seismic structure beneath the Central Andes at 21°S using teleseismic tomography analysis (2008) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 25, pp. 22-36
  • Henry, S., Pollack, H., Terrestrial heat flow above the Andean Subduction Zone in Bolivia and Peru (1988) Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, pp. 15153-15162
  • Hyndman, R., Peacock, S., Serpentinization of the forearc mantle (2003) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 212, pp. 417-432
  • Isacks, B., Uplift of the Central Andes plateau and bending of the Bolivian Orocline (1988) Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, pp. 3211-3231
  • Jordan, T., Isacks, B., Allmendinger, R., Brewer, J., Ramos, V., Ando, C., Andean tectonics related to geometry of the subducted Nazca Plate (1983) Geological Society of America Bulletin, 94, pp. 341-361
  • Jordan, T., Gardeweg, M., Tectonic evolution of the late cainozoic Central Andes (1989) The Evolution of the Pacific Ocean Margin, pp. 193-207. , Ben-Avraham Z. (Ed), Oxford University Press
  • Kamiya, S., Kobayashi, Y., Seismological evidence for the existence of serpentinized wedge mantle (2000) Geophysical Research Letters, 27 (6), pp. 819-822
  • Kay, R., Kay, S., Delamination and delamination magmatism (1993) Tectonophysics, 219, pp. 177-189
  • Kay, S., Coira, B., Viramonte, J., Young mafic back arc volcanic rocks as indicators of continental lithospheric delamination beneath the Argentina Puna plateau, Central Andes (1994) Journal of Geophysical Research, 99 (24), pp. 323-324. , 339
  • Kay, C., Mpodozis, C., Coira, B., Magmatism, tectonism and mineral deposits of the Central Andes (22-33° S Latitude) (1999) Geology and ore deposits of the Central Andes, 7, pp. 27-59. , Skinner B. (Ed), Society of Economic Geology Special Publication
  • Kay, S., Coira, B., Caffe, P., Geoquímica, fuentes y evolución del magmatismo neógeno de la Puna Norte (2008) Geología y Recursos Naturales de la Provincia de Jujuy. Relatorio 17° Congreso Geológico, pp. 322-334. , Coira, B, Zappettini, E, Eds, Argentino, pp
  • Kirchner, A., Götze, H.-J., Schmidt, S., 3-D density modelling with seismic constraints in the Central Andes (1996) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 21 (4), pp. 289-293
  • Kley, J., Monaldi, C., Salfity, J., Along strike segmentation of the Andean foreland: causes and consequences (1999) Tectonophysics, 301, pp. 75-94
  • Kley, J., Monaldi, C., Tectonicinversion in the Santa Barbara System of the central Andean foreland thrust belt, north-western Argentina (2002) Tectonics, 21. , 10.1029/2002TC902003
  • Lamb, S., Active deformation in the Bolivian Andes, South America (2000) Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, pp. 2627-2653
  • Lee, C.-T., Lenardic, A., Cooper, C., Niu, F., Levander, A., The role of chemical boundary layers in regulating the thickness of continental and oceanic thermal boundary layers (2005) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 230, pp. 379-395
  • Lessel, K., (1997) Die Krustenstruktur der zentralen Anden in Nordchile (21-24°S), abgeleitet aus 3D-Modellierungen refraktionsseismischer Daten, , Ph.D. Thesis. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin
  • Lucassen, F., Lewerenz, S., Franz, G., Viramonte, J., Mezger, K., Metamorphism, isotopic ages and composition of lower crustal granulite xenoliths from the Cretaceous Salta Rift, Argentina (1999) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 134, pp. 325-341
  • Lucassen, F., Becchio, R., Harmon, R., Kasemann, S., Franz, G., Trumbull, R., Wilke, H.-G., Dulski, P., Composition and density model of the continental crust in an active continental margin-the Central Andes between 18° and 27°S (2001) Tectonophysics, 341, pp. 195-223
  • Lucassen, F., Escayola, M., Romer, R., Viramonte, J., Koch, K., Franz, G., Isotopic composition of Late Mesozoic basic and ultrabasic rocks from the Andes (23-32°S)-implications for the Andean mantle (2002) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 143, pp. 336-349
  • McQuarrie, N., DeCelles, P., Geometry and structural evolution of the central Andean backthrust belt, Bolivia (2001) Tectonics, 20, pp. 669-692
  • Mooney, W., Laske, G., Masters, T., Crust 5.1: a global model at 5 degrees × 5 degrees (1998) Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, pp. 727-747
  • Müller, J., Kley, J., Jacobshagen, V., Structure and Cenozoic kinematics of the Eastern Cordillera (2002) southern Bolivia (21°S), Tectonics, 21. , 10.1029/2001TC001340
  • Müller, R., Roest, W., Royer, J., Gahagan, L., Sclater, J., Digital lsochrons of the World's Ocean Floor (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research, 102 B, pp. 3211-3214
  • Patzwahl, R., Mechie, J., Schulze, A., Giese, P., Two-dimensional velocity models of the Nazca plate subduction zone between 19.5°S and 25°S from wide-angle seismic measurements during the CINCA95 project (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, pp. 7293-7317
  • Peacock, S.M., The importante of blueschist-eclogite dehydration reactions in subducting oceanic crust (1993) Geological Society of America Bulletin, 105, pp. 684-694
  • Pérez-Gussinyé, M., Lowry, A., Phipps Morgan, A., Tassara, A., Effective elastic thickness variations along the Andean margin and their relationship to subduction geometry (2008) Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 9 (2). , 10.1029/2007GC001786
  • Pérez-Gussinyé, M., Swain, C., Kirby, J., Lowry, A., Spatial variations of the effective elastic thickness, Te, using multitaper spectral estimation and wavelet methods: examples from synthetic data and application to South America (2009) Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 10 (4). , 10.1029/2008GC002229
  • Ramos, V., Cristallini, E., Pérez, D., The Pampean flat-slab of the Central Andes (2002) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 15, pp. 59-78
  • Rudnick, R., Fountain, D., Nature and composition of the continental crust: a lower crustal perspective (1995) Reviews of Geophysics, 33, pp. 267-309
  • Scheuber, E., Bogdanic, T., Jensen, A., Reutter, K., Tectonic development of the north Chilean Andes in relation to plate convergence and magmatism since the Jurassic (1994) Tectonics of the southern Central Andes, pp. 7-22. , Reutter, K, Scheuber, E, Wigger, P, Eds, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp
  • Schilling, F., Partzsch, G., Quantifying partial melt fraction in the crust beneath the Central Andes and the Tibetan plateau (2001) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth (A), 26, pp. 239-246
  • Schilling, F., Partzsch, G., Brasse, H., Schwarz, G., Partial melting below the magmatic arc in the Central Andes deduced from geoelectromagnetic field experiments and laboratory data (1997) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 103, pp. 17-32
  • Schilling, F., Trumbull, R., Brasse, H., Haberland, C., Asch, G., Bruhn, D., Mai, K., Vietor, T., Partial melting in the Central Andean crust: a review of geophysical, petrophysical, and petrologic evidence (2006) Frontiers in Earth Sciences. Vol. 1. The Andes-Active Subduction Orogeny, pp. 459-474. , Oncken O., Chong G., Franz P., Giese P., Götze H.-J., Ramos V., Strecker M., and Wigger P. (Eds), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg
  • Schmidt, S., Götze, H.-J., Integration of data constraints and potential field modelling-an example from southern Lower Saxony, Germany (1999) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth (A), 24, pp. 191-196
  • Schmitz, M., Kley, J., The geometry of the Central Andean back arc crust: joint interpretation of cross-section balancing and seismic refraction data (1997) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 10, pp. 99-110
  • Schmitz, M., Heinsohn, W., Schilling, F., Seismic, gravity and petrological indications for partial melting beneath the thickened Central Andean crust 21°-23°S (1997) Tectonophysics, 270, pp. 313-326
  • Schmitz, M., Lessel, K., Giese, P., Wigger, P., Araneda, M., Bribach, J., Graeber, F., Schulze, A., The crustal structure beneath the Central Andean fore arc and magmatic arc as derived from seismic studies-the PISCO 94 experiment in northern Chile (21-23°S) (1999) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 12, pp. 237-260
  • Schurr, B., Asch, G., Rietbrock, A., Trumbull, R., Haberland, C., Complex patterns of fluid and melt transport in the central Andean subduction zone revealed by attenuation tomography (2003) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 215, pp. 105-119
  • Schurr, B., Rietbrock, A., Deep seismic structure of the Atacama basin (2004) northern Chile, Geophysical Research Letters, 31. , 10.1029/2004GL019796
  • Schwarz, G., Krüger, D., Resistivity cross section through the southern Central Andes as inferred from magnetotelluric and geomagnetic deep soundings (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, pp. 11957-11978
  • Sick, C., Yoon, M., Rauch, K., Buske, S., Lüth, S., Araneda, M., Bataille, K., Wigger, P., Seismic images of accretive and erosive subduction zones from the Chilean Margin (2006) Frontiers in Earth Sciences. Vol. 1. The Andes-Active Subduction Orogeny, pp. 147-169. , Oncken O., Chong G., Franz P., Giese P., Götze H.-J., Ramos V., Strecker M., and Wigger P. (Eds), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg
  • Sobolev, S., Babeyko, A., Modelling of mineralogical composition, density and elastic wave velocities in anhydrous magmatic rocks (1994) Surveys in Geophysics, 15, pp. 515-544
  • Springer, M., Förster, A., Heat-flow density across the Central Andean subduction zone (1998) Tectonophysics, 291, pp. 123-139
  • Springer, M., Interpretation of heat-flow density in the Central Andes (1999) Tectonophysics, 306, pp. 377-395
  • Stern, C., Active Andean volcanism: its geologic and tectonic setting (2004) Revista Geológica de Chile, 31, pp. 161-206
  • Stern, R., Subduction zones (2002) Reviews of Geophysics, 40. , 10.1029/2001RG000108
  • Tassara, A., Factors controlling the crustal density structure underneath active continental margins with implications for their evolution (2006) Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7. , 10.1029/2005GC001040
  • Tassara, A., Götze, H.-J., Schmidt, S., Hackney, R., Three-dimensional density model of the Nazca plate and the Andean continental margin (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research, 111. , 10.1029/2005JB003976
  • Tassara, A., Swain, C., Hackney, R., Kirby, J., Elastic thickness structure of South America estimated using wavelets and satellite-derived gravity data (2007) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 253, pp. 17-36
  • Turcotte, D., Schubert, G., (2002) Geodynamics, , Cambridge University Press, New York pp. 456
  • Wigger, P., Schmitz, M., Araneda, M., Asch, G., Baldzuhn, S., Giese, P., Heinsohn, W.-D., Viramonte, J., Variation in the Crustal Structure of the Southern Central Andes Deduced from Seismic Refraction Investigation (1994) Tectonics of the southern Central Andes, pp. 23-48. , Reutter K., Scheuber E., and Wigger P. (Eds), Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
  • Withman, D., Isacks, B., Kay, S., Lithospheric structure and along-strike segmentation of the Central Andean Plateau: seismic Q, magmatism, flexure, topography and tectonics (1996) Tectonophysics, 259, pp. 29-40
  • Wörner, G., Lezaun, J., Beck, A., Heber, V., Lucassen, F., Zinngrebe, E., Rösling, R., Wilke, H.-G., Geochronology, metamorphic petrology and geochemistry of basement rocks from Belén (N. Chile) and C. Uyarani (W. Bolivian Altiplano): implications for the evolution of Andean basement (2000) Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 13, pp. 717-737
  • Yoon, M., Buske, S., Lüth, S., Schulze, A., Shapiro, S., Stiller, M., Wigger, P., Along-strike variations of crustal reflectivity related to the Andean subduction process (2003) Journal of Geophysical Research, 30. , 10.1029/2002GL015848
  • Yuan, X., Sobolev, S., Kind, R., Oncken, O., Subduction and collision processes in the Central Andes constrained by converted seismic phases (2000) Nature, 408, pp. 958-961. , Andes Working Group
  • Yuan, X., Sobolev, S., Kind, R., Moho topography in the Central Andes and its geodynamic implications (2002) Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters, 199, pp. 389-402
  • Zandt, G., Leidig, M., Chmielowski, J., Baumont, D., Yuan, X., Seismic detection and characterization of the Altiplano-Puna magma body, Central Andes (2003) Pure and Applied Geophysics, 160, pp. 789-807

Citas:

---------- APA ----------
Prezzi, C.B., Götze, H.-J. & Schmidt, S. (2009) . 3D density model of the Central Andes. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 177(3-4), 217-234.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.09.004
---------- CHICAGO ----------
Prezzi, C.B., Götze, H.-J., Schmidt, S. "3D density model of the Central Andes" . Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 177, no. 3-4 (2009) : 217-234.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.09.004
---------- MLA ----------
Prezzi, C.B., Götze, H.-J., Schmidt, S. "3D density model of the Central Andes" . Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol. 177, no. 3-4, 2009, pp. 217-234.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.09.004
---------- VANCOUVER ----------
Prezzi, C.B., Götze, H.-J., Schmidt, S. 3D density model of the Central Andes. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 2009;177(3-4):217-234.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2009.09.004