We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory. © 2016 American Physical Society.
Documento: | Artículo |
Título: | Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy |
Autor: | Multitudinario:449 |
Filiación: | Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik-Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental de Particulas-LIP, Instituto Superior Técnico-IST, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, Portugal Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Università di Torino, Sezione INFN, Torino, Italy Fermilab, Batavia, IL, United States Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris 11, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Centro Atómico Bariloche, Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Universität Hamburg, II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Hamburg, Germany Università di Napoli Federico II, Sezione INFN, Napoli, Italy IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands Università di Catania, Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain University of Bucharest, Physics Department, Bucharest, Romania Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Universités Paris 6 et Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, Paris, France Observatorio Pierre Auger, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, Argentina New York University, New York, NY, United States University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik (IEKP), Karlsruhe, Germany Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachbereich C-Physik, Wuppertal, Germany University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. de Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Sezione INFN, Lecce, Italy Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany INFN, Laboratori Nazionali Del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Física, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany Universidad de Granada, C.A.F.P.E., Granada, Spain Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico Università di Milano, Sezione INFN, Milan, Italy Università di Roma II Tor Vergata, Sezione INFN, Roma, Italy Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania Università di Torino, Sezione INFN, Torino, Italy Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico Universidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris 11, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute, Chicago, IL, United States SUBATECH, École des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/INSU, Nançay, France Instituto de Astronomía y Física Del Espacio (IAFE, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina Departamento de Física, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina Universidade Federal Fluminense, EEIMVR, Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila, INFN, L'Aquila, Italy KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands IFLP, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands Experimental Particle Physics Department, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia Laboratory for Astroparticle Physics, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia Instituto de Física de Rosario (IFIR)-CONICET/U.N.R., Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas U.N.R., Rosario, Argentina Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Mendoza (CONICET/CNEA), Mendoza, Argentina Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik, Karlsruhe, Germany University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil Palacky University, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States Universidade Federal Do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del IPN (CINVESTAV), México, Distrito Federal, Mexico Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Prague, Czech Republic Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones, CITEDEF and CONICET, Villa Martelli, Argentina Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States U. Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ing. y Tecnologias Avanzadas Del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN), L'Aquila, Italy Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo (INAF), Palermo, Italy Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom |
Palabras clave: | Augers; Calculations; Cosmic ray measurement; Cosmology; Geomagnetism; Observatories; Cosmic ray energies; Direct calibration; Electromagnetic cascades; Extensive air showers; First-principles calculation; Frequency ranges; Geomagnetic fields; Pierre Auger observatory; Cosmic rays |
Año: | 2016 |
Volumen: | 116 |
Número: | 24 |
DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241101 |
Título revista: | Physical Review Letters |
Título revista abreviado: | Phys Rev Lett |
ISSN: | 00319007 |
CODEN: | PRLTA |
Registro: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00319007_v116_n24_p_Multitudinario |